The Golden Retriever, a docile and intelligent dog

A family dog par excellence, the Golden Retriever is one of the most popular breeds because of its docility, kindness and intelligence. Easy to train, it is also a loyal protector of its owners, whom it adores above all else.

Characteristics of the Golden Retriever

Of medium size, the golden retriever presents a balanced and powerful look. This game retriever weighs between 27 and 34 kg with a height of 51 to 56 cm for females and 56 to 61 cm for males. Its broad head is made up of a black nose and displays an accentuated stop. The muzzle is more or less wide.

The animal has medium-sized, floppy ears and dark brown eyes that are set fairly wide apart. The coat is of a color going from creamy white to dark gold. Some colors are not present such as mahogany, black or chocolate which are more visible in its cousin the Labrador. The golden retriever has a long fringed coat that can be flat or wavy. This fur is characterized by its silky and especially thick nature. The tail extends to the back and is fringed.

History of the Golden Retriever breed

The exact origins of the golden retriever are rather unclear. There are several legends surrounding the history of the breed, although it is known to have originated in Great Britain. One of the most famous is the one that tells that the Goldie would have been born from a line of light-haired Caucasian Shepherds, spotted in 1858 by Lord Tweedmouth in a Russian circus. In each litter, only the golden-haired puppies would have been selected to obtain dogs with golden coat only.

Another legend says that the breed was obtained through hybridization between the St. Hubert's dog, the Leonberg and English spaniels. The golden retriever was not presented in dog shows until 1909. It was recognized as a pure breed in 1931.

Living conditions and behavior of the Golden Retriever

Like the Newfoundland or the Labrador, the Golden Retriever is originally a hunting dog that mainly brings back waterfowl. It particularly appreciates water. In this respect, it has webbed paws as well as a thick coat to protect it from the cold. This animal will therefore be happy in environments bordering the sea or lake.

It is energetic and needs to spend time. If, unfortunately, it must live in an apartment, it is important to take it for three to four walks a day for its well-being. These outings will help to channel his energy.

Appreciating enormously the company of his masters, the golden retriever is easy to educate. Be careful, we are talking about education and not training. This sensitive dog will prefer encouragement to reprimands.

Gifted at work and intelligent, it is possible to teach him easily to participate in family activities which he will carry out with good will. Docile, friendly and self-confident, the Goldie has many other qualities that have made him a family favorite over the years.

Diet and main health problems of the Golden Retriever

The Golden Retriever has very fragile ears. Ear infections are not uncommon and manifest themselves in the form of reddening of the inside of the ears. It can also suffer from dysplasia, not only in the hips but also in the elbows.

In order to guarantee him an iron health, a good diet is necessary. Ideally, he should eat 400 g of premium kibble, with two meals a day. A good food balance is desired to avoid overweight.

The Kerry Blue Terrier, a dog with a strong character

Despite its strong character, the Kerry Blue Terrier is a great companion dog. They get along with children so well that they are even called "the nanny". Energetic and intelligent, this Irish breed has more than one trick up its sleeve to please families.

Kerry Blue Terrier Characteristics

Resolutely athletic, the Kerry Blue Terrier is a multi-tasking dog that can run, retrieve, herd, swim, hike and even kill prey when needed. They owe their abilities to their muscular, well-developed and well-proportioned physique, which is typical of terriers. The animal has a short hindquarters and long legs accompanied by a strong bone structure. It looks like its body is moving forward. The female measures between 44,5 and 48 cm while the male is between 45,5 and 49,5 cm for a weight of 15 to 18 kg. This terrier can be recognized by its fiery head which has a well-balanced skull and a slightly marked stop. The muzzle is straight, the nose is black and the jaws are formidable. The Kerry Blue Terrier is also distinguished by its medium-sized eyes, hazel or darker in color and well positioned. The V-shaped ears are thin, of intermediate size and carried forward. The coat is wavy, dense and soft. The coat should be on a blue tone overall and reveal black tips.

History of the Kerry Blue Terrier breed

The Kerry Blue Terrier is an Irish breed originally used as an all-purpose farm dog and as a ratter. There is very little written record of its true history. It is known, however, that it is a cross between an old native breed and a sheepdog. The breed developed mainly in County Kerry. It gained popularity after an appearance at a dog show in the 19th century. During World War II, the Kerry Blue Terrier was unfortunately used as a fighting dog.

Living conditions and behavior of the Kerry Blue Terrier

The Kerry Blue Terrier has built its success around its versatility. He was used as a herding dog, then as a deep water otter dog, hunting dog, underground badger dog and even as a police and security dog. He also finds his way as a pet. He is a gentle, loyal, calm and intelligent companion. Sometimes, he can be a little overbearing, but good training will rectify this. The Kerry Blue Terrier also gets along wonderfully with children and can play for hours with them. Its advantage is that it can live in a house or an apartment provided that it is given sufficient walks and exercise.

Diet and main health problems of the Kerry Blue Terrier

It is important to keep a close eye on the health of the Kerry Blue Terrier, as it can suffer from certain diseases such as dislocation of the kneecap, heart disease or cerebellar atrophy. His diet must be balanced and can be based on homemade or industrial food.

The Norwegian Puffin Dog, vigorous and intelligent dog

The Norwegian Puffin Dog was first a hunting dog specialized in tracking puffins before becoming a pet prized for its vigor and intelligence. With this dog by your side, you'll never be bored.

Characteristics of the Norwegian Puffin Dog

The Norwegian Puffin Dog is a Spitz type breed and its physical characteristics are there to prove it. It has a body full of vigor, particularly flexible and has a rather average size. The females measure between 32 and 35 cm while the males are between 35 and 38 cm for a weight of 6 to 7 kg according to the sex. In addition to a morphology that fits into a square, the dog reveals an elastic and light gait and a full tail, short and set high. Like all Spitzes, its head is similar to that of a fox, with a round skull, pronounced eyebrows and a pronounced stop. The muzzle is wedge-shaped, another atypical feature of the Spitz. The eyes are slanted and reveal an iris going on a yellowish brown tone. Triangular in shape, the ears are mobile and carried straight. As for the coat, it is necessarily thick and dense. The dress goes from red to fawn, but must always present white tones and a little black on the points.

History of the breed Norwegian Puffin Dog

The Norwegian Puffin Dog, also known as Lundehund, is an ancient breed first mentioned in the 16th century. It is widely used in the northern islands of Norway, whose economy revolved mainly around fishing and farming. The Norwegian Puffin Dog has a very specific physiognomy that allows it to hunt waterfowl hidden in the fjords or cliffs. At the time, the puffin was appreciated for its tender meat, but also for its soft down which was used in the manufacture of quilts and pillows. Despite its success, the Norwegian Puffin Dog almost did not survive the desertification of the country's coasts and the emergence of new hunting techniques. The breed was close to extinction if it wasn't for the intervention of the northern islanders who helped make it a Norwegian cultural symbol.

Living conditions and behavior of the Norwegian Puffin Dog

The Norwegian Puffin Dog is a pleasant dog to live with as a pet. It is affectionate, gentle, sociable and has a balanced temperament, allowing it to be calm when needed and more energetic when required. He adapts very well to family life, as he gets along with children. This great player never tires of having fun with them. This dog is also a good guardian, as it is wary of strangers. Its well-being depends on a suitable living environment. He tends to dislike noise and crowds and therefore cannot live in the city. It must be able to let off steam as much as possible.

Food and main health problems of the Norwegian Puffin Dog

The Norwegian Puffin Dog suffers from a disease that affects the intestines and which bears its name Lundehund Syndrome. This pathology is caused by a failure in the assimilation of proteins and is manifested by vomiting, weight loss, intermittent diarrhea, lethargy and subcutaneous edema. The animal should be fed a high quality, low fat diet to avoid lymphangiectasis.

The Lakeland Terrier, a small, vigorous and friendly dog

We love him for his small size, his vigor, his sympathy and his assurance. The Lakeland Terrier is rather rare and owes its success to its hunting skills. The modern way of life has pushed him to become a good pet.

Characteristics of the Lakeland Terrier

With a compact and well-proportioned body, the Lakeland Terrier has a small size like most terriers, which allows it to sneak into burrows to indicate the location of game or to dislodge it. It measures on average 37 cm at the withers and weighs 6.8 kg if it is a female and 7.7 kg if it is a male. Its resemblance to the Welsh Terrier is striking, although it has a thinner bone structure. The Lakeland Terrier is recognizable by its harmonious head with a well defined and flat skull. The muzzle should not be longer than the skull. The muzzle is broad, the nose is black or brown depending on the coat and the jaws are powerful. The eyes have a nice hazel or dark note. The ears for their part are V-shaped and small. The Lakeland Terrier wears a dense, hard and mid-length coat. The coat must be bicolor (blue and tan or black and tan) or unicolor (grayish red, form, red, black, blue or brown).

History of the breed Lakeland Terrier

The Lakeland Terrier comes from the north-west of England, in the region of the lakes from where it takes its name. This breed is the result of a cross between the Bedlington Terrier, the Fox Terrier, the Border Terrier and the Airedale Terrier. Its recognition by the British Kennel Club dates back to 1928. In 1932, the dog will be presented at a dog show organized by the Lakeland Terrier Club. This breed is known for its resistance and its enthusiasm. It was used in the mountains with very rocky terrain for hunting. This harsh environment has contributed to its hardiness. The Lakeland Terrier was officially recognized by the FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) in 1954.

Necessary living conditions and behavior of the Lakeland Terrier

As you can see, the Lakeland Terrier is a bold, fearless and lively dog. It outperforms many terriers in hunting activities thanks to its determined and stubborn character. At home, he is an independent, but affectionate animal that loves to be petted. It is cheerful, friendly and especially very playful with children. Its education is relatively easy since this dog is intelligent and clever. It must be done with gentleness and firmness to obtain the desired results. Another advantage of the Lakeland Terrier is that it can live anywhere. Nevertheless, we must not forget that it is a sportsman who needs to exercise daily.

Diet and main health problems of the Lakeland Terrier

The Lakeland Terrier shines by its robustness. However, it is necessary to watch the appearance of eye diseases such as cataract or glaucoma. Tooth tartar is also common in Lakeland Terriers and leads to gingivitis and tooth loosening.

Visigothic Spitz or Swedish Shepherd

Also called Swedish Shepherd Dog, Swedish Vallhund or West Gothic Dog, the Visigothic Spitz is an authentic Swedish breed specialized in herding. It ensures this mission with brilliance thanks to its courage and its vivacity. It is also a clean, intelligent and affectionate pet for its owners.

Characteristics of the Visigoth Spitz

The Visigoth Spitz is a vigorous dog that is admired for its energy and liveliness. It is low on legs and measures 33 cm if it is a male and 31 cm if it is a female. The weight goes from 9 to 14 kg according to the sex and the age. This breed is recognizable by its long and well designed head. The skull is almost flat and has a correctly accentuated stop. The muzzle is shorter than the skull, the nose is of a very intense black and the jaws reveal regular and well developed teeth. The Visigothic Spitz expresses a beautiful dark brown look through its oval-shaped eyes of medium size. The ears are also of medium size and are well erect and pointed. The set should not be excessively low. Another element that distinguishes the Spitz from the Visigoths is its tail, which can be naturally short or long. As for the coat, it is of medium length and must be tight, hard and waterproof. The coat can be grayish brown, gray, reddish brown or yellow. Depending on the part of the body, the coat is lighter or darker.

History of the Visigothic Spitz breed

So far, it is relatively complicated to determine the exact origins of the Visigothic Spitz. The history refers to it as a native Swedish breed, while it is related to the Welsh Corgi, which is of English origin. One theory is that the Vikings imported the breed from England to Sweden. The recognition and registration of the Visigoth Spitz as a Swedish breed was initiated by Count Björn von Rosen who discovered the breed in the 1940s. He was the initiator of the first serious breeding programs.

Necessary living conditions and behavior of the Visigothic Spitz

The Visigothic Spitz has many qualities, making it a pleasant pet. It is friendly, clever, docile, intelligent and bright. It can get along very well with children for whom it will become a great playmate. This breed has the advantage of not barking too much, which avoids disturbing the neighbors. On the other hand, because of its origins as a herding dog, it needs regular exercise and physical stimulation. A sedentary life in an apartment is clearly not for him. As he is energetic and enduring, he can very well participate in dog activities such as obedience, agility or treibball.

Diet and major health problems of the Visigoth Spitz

Since Swedish breeders prohibit inbreeding, the Visigoth Spitz is spared from genetic diseases. It is a robust and strong dog with a life expectancy of 12 and 13 years.

How to choose a harness for your dog?

Nearly one in three dogs wears a harness, and this device is gradually replacing the collar somewhat shunned by many canine owners. But when you are about to buy a harness for your dog it is very important to choose it taking into account the morphology of the animal and the use. Not so easy when you see the number of variations proposed today in this field. In any case, this equipment is not chosen just for its look. It must be above all comfortable and perfectly adapted to the dog in order to avoid any injury. Here are the main criteria to review when choosing the ideal harness for your dog.

Main criteria for choosing a dog harness

Some owners prefer to opt for the harness because they are convinced that the collar can hurt their dog. This is not wrong if the dog pulls a lot on the leash during walks, especially since the traction compresses the trachea artery of the animal, which, in addition to causing pain, has the effect of making him cough. Of course, these disadvantages are not encountered with a harness.

Here are the main criteria to consider before buying a harness to give your dog the best adapted one.

The use

• For rescue dogs: the water working harness is especially suitable for Newfoundland. Thanks to its lateral buoys, it allows the dog to limit its efforts in the water and to protect it from the risks of drowning.
• Equip a hiking dog: the backpack harness allows the animal to carry, for example, his water bottle and his bowl, his small cookies or a first aid kit during long walks.
• To help the handicapped dog to move: the carrying harness maintains the hindquarters of the animal when it suffers from invalidating arthritis for example.
• Training your dog: the anti-pull harness is essential when learning to walk on a leash because it does not cause any pain to the animal even if it pulls a lot on its leash.
• Pulling an object: the pulling harness is the one used to maintain the muscles of very athletic dogs. These four-legged athletes need intensive training.
• Towing a human: this is the Husky harness, adapted to the practice of a dog sport and to sled dogs.
• Without specific needs: the multi-harness is versatile since it has a handle, a back attachment and a chest attachment.

Size

Generally, dog harnesses are labeled, which makes it possible to choose the right size. However, just as the owner does when he wants to buy clothes, it is better that the dog can try the harness coveted because depending on the morphology of the animal, a device yet the right size may not suit him. Harnesses are available in sizes XS to XL to fit both small and large dogs.

However, it is important to make sure that the harness is not too tight because it will not be comfortable especially if the dog gains 1 or 2 kilos. A harness must be able to give the animal some room to grow. In any case, it is possible to adjust it as well as possible thanks to its tightening links.

If the owner wants to order a harness for his dog on an online site, it is in his best interest to choose a site that does not charge return shipping costs. So, if he hesitates between two sizes, he can order two harnesses and send back the one that doesn't fit.

The material

This is a criterion not to be neglected because the material of the harness counts a lot in terms of comfort. It must be pleasant to the touch, easy to clean, but it must also allow perspiration to evaporate in order to bring more comfort to the animal, especially when it is very hot. This is essential to limit bad odors.

The style

As far as the look of the dog harness is concerned, it should be chosen according to the animal, its sex, age, physique and personality. For example, colorful or funny harnesses are preferred for small mischievous dogs, those with pearls, hearts and tassels for females, and we rather focus on refined and sober models, much better suited to a large elegant and composed dog. Choosing a harness for your dog deserves special attention, especially since it can be quite expensive, with prices ranging from 15 to 80 €, depending on the model.

Finally, whenever possible, choose a harness that is easy to hold when not using a leash. That's why we strongly recommend a harness with a handle on top, like the multi-use model. It is very useful to hold a big dog that is a bit nervous during training or learning sessions. The handle is very practical for the master to assert himself as a dominant.

The Cavalier King Charles, a sweet and devoted little spaniel

Adorable face, sweet and playful character, the Cavalier King Charles has all the qualities to please dog lovers. As he is kind and very devoted to his masters, he represents the perfect pet that will make the happiness of families.

Characteristics of the Cavalier King Charles

Belonging to the Spaniel family, the Cavalier King Charles is a majestic breed with a small size and a well-proportioned body with a straight back, a slightly curved and moderately long neck and curved ribs. The length of the tail is well balanced with the length of the body, and is carried cheerfully. The head has a faint stop with strong jaws and developed nostrils. The ears are bushy, drooping and long. The eyes for their part are dark, round and rather spread out. The Cavalier King Charles has a long and silky coat that sometimes displays waves. This breed can have different coat colors: bicolor (black and tan), tricolor (tan, black and white), blenheim (white with bright chestnut markings), unicolor (red coat).

History of the Cavalier King Charles breed

Originating from Great Britain, the Cavalier King Charles is a very old breed since it is mentioned in the 17th century. It was the favorite pet of Charles II of England, to whom it owes its name. Legend has it that the king was so fond of his dogs that he never went out without them. They were allowed to enter the Parliament. There are even many paintings in which these animals have been featured. Even though the Cavalier King Charles is an old breed, its standard was only established in 1928. It was not until 1945 that the Kennel Club officially recognized the breed.

Living conditions and behavior of the Cavalier King Charles

There is no other dog with as much spirit and joie de vivre as the Cavalier King Charles. Devoid of any form of aggression, this dog is sociable, friendly and playful. His pleasant personality makes him perfect for families, especially children. He is intelligent and can learn to obey commands easily. The Cavalier King Charles is also very discreet and does not bark much. This will not cause you any trouble with the neighborhood if you live in an apartment for example. But be careful not to leave him alone for too long as he could be subject to separation anxiety, leading to destructive behavior, barking or wailing.

Diet and major health problems of the Cavalier King Charles

The Cavalier King Charles has a fragile health. It can suffer from a number of disorders including eye problems, respiratory problems, joint problems, diabetes, herniated discs and ear infections. To reduce the risk of transmission of these diseases, breeders are very careful in selecting their dogs. The dog can also be affected by obesity, appetite disorders and digestive disorders, hence the importance of taking good care of its diet.

There is a whole range of kibbles to choose from depending on the animal's activities, age and health. This food must be rich in trace elements, minerals, vitamins, proteins, lipids and other essential nutrients. To avoid deficiencies, it is also possible to give him vitamin supplements, especially if you decide to give him home-made food.

How to take care of a dog that has gone blind?

Just as people need a guide when they become visually impaired, dogs also need special care when they lose their sight. Providing them with a suitable living environment to avoid traumatic experiences is essential.

What causes blindness in a dog?

Blindness in dogs is a very common problem. There are many designated causes of blindness, one of the most common being cataracts. Due to a clouding of the lens, this disease can cause total blindness. However, if diagnosed early, it can be treated. It is important to know that cataracts often affect breeds such as the bostan terrier, the golden retriever, the English cocker spaniel or the miniature poodle.

Lens dislocation, uveitis, glaucoma, retinal disorders and corneal opacity are other diseases that cause blindness in dogs. It is now known that some breeds are more prone to this problem than others. This is the case for Miniature Schnauzers, Dachshunds and other crossbreeds. The sex of the animal is also a determining factor. Middle-aged females are more likely to be affected by blindness.

The impact of this disease on the animal depends on whether the blindness was sudden or gradual. A gradual loss of sight will be easier to live with. The animal will have time to adapt and to take its bearings by using its hearing and its sense of smell. On the other hand, if the loss of sight was sudden, it may have difficulty adjusting to the situation and may be distraught or disoriented.

How can you help him/her to live better with this blindness?

There are a few things you can do to help a blind or visually impaired pet adapt to this handicap. For example, it is advisable to place a small bell on the animals of the house and on the members of the family so that the dog can find itself. You don't have to make major changes to the dog's living space because he may have already built his own cues. However, eliminating obstacles that could block his path is an option. You should help him to create a circuit in the different places he often frequents: food corner, favorite nap area, his sleeping basket.

During outdoor walks, it is advisable to always keep him on a leash so that outside noises do not scare him. Owners should also teach him new commands such as "Be careful" when he may encounter an obstacle. Finally, owners are encouraged to never break the bond they have with their pet. Play and other activities should continue. Family members should help sharpen the pet's sense of sight and hearing by throwing toys that make noise and asking the pet to bring them back. It is even recommended that you spend even more time with him to reassure him. Extending brushing sessions, for example, is very important to strengthen the relationship between the owner and his pet.

How do I know if my dog is dominant?

Living with a dominant dog on a daily basis can be hellish, not to mention risky for everyone in the family, young and old. There are certain signs that can put the owner on the track. It is important to talk to your veterinarian as soon as possible in order to get the best advice on what to do. Let's discover the main signs of dominance in canines and how to behave with your dog to prevent it from becoming dominant.

What is a dominant dog?

Because of its domestication by Man, the dog has somewhat lost its instinctive markers, but it keeps deeply anchored the hierarchical codes linked to its species. Also, the pack instinct is often incompatible with the increasingly humanized lifestyle that masters impose on their dogs. For these animals, it is difficult under these conditions not to present behavioral problems. The problem is even more frequent with dogs that are poorly or uneducated.

Dominance in dogs: the signs that should alert you

There are certain signs that can lead to the suspicion of dominance in a dog. These include excessive authority over other dogs and other animals, but also over its owner, other members of its foster family, and sometimes even when it is in the presence of people it does not know. The animal is asocial and exerts pressure on all its entourage with the sole aim of imposing its own law.

A dominant dog acts like a free agent in his daily life. He does what he wants, when he wants. Impossible to control, he can, for example, intervene at any time between his masters, insistently demand food when they are at the table, refuse to comply, be aggressive. In short, he exerts a constant hold on those around him and does not tolerate any rules. The dominant dog makes life hell for his adoptive family.

In short, you can ask yourself questions if you notice in your dog :

• A possessive character,
• A provocative nature,
• An excess of disobedience,
• Aggressiveness,
• Anxiety.

Note also that the posture of a dominant dog is revealing. The animal stands up straight, is quite rigid, and wears its ears erect as well as its tail. His gaze is also telling. It is generally insistent. In any case, the dominant dog does not look down, does not look sideways and does not cower on the ground in front of his master or a fellow dog. Submission is something he doesn't know.

Dominant dog: is it dangerous?

The answer is yes. Dominance in a dog represents a real danger for its master and other members of the family, the neighborhood and the pets. It seems fundamental to us to underline that the danger is all the greater in front of young children. The cohabitation of small children with an asocial dog is incompatible. The reason is simple: this type of dog knows no limits, has not integrated any educational rules and wants to impose itself in all circumstances. To do so, it uses and abuses all the means at its disposal, including biting. It is an animal that generates fear.

How to deal with a dominant dog?

Caution is obviously the first thing to do since, as we have seen previously, the dominant dog is a potentially dangerous animal. But it is necessary to adopt a firm attitude towards such a dog. The master must never be permissive when his little companion tries to get the upper hand. In any case, it is essential to understand dominance and to try to find out the reason for it.

It should not be used indiscriminately. Many people claim that their dog is dominant, when in fact the dog will do whatever it wants because it is allowed to. Not all poorly trained dogs are dominant. It should also be noted that this problem is more common in dogs whose owners are not familiar with their pets' social codes. It is important to know that a dog's temperament has absolutely nothing to do with this problem, which manifests itself over time, especially when the owner does not show any firmness towards his animal.

It is necessary to be coherent so that all can return in the order, it is moreover necessary in front of any dog, even the softest which is and the most docile. To educate does not mean to dominate. The issue is that the dog can be perfectly socialized. To do this, he must be able to understand from a very young age what is expected of him. A master who one day is permissive and the next day ultra severe can only disturb his little companion because a dog does not have the capacity to adapt to such an educational scheme. It is impossible for him, in such conditions, to integrate the notion of hierarchy between his master and him. This is how dominance can be insidiously established.

To get a dominant dog back under control, it is preferable to contact either a dog trainer or a veterinary behaviorist. The dog will learn from experienced professionals how to integrate into the social group that is his foster family. After some time, the dog should be able to develop a much better social relationship with humans. Relationships with other dogs and other animals are also likely to be less turbulent.

The Pharaoh's dog, with its fine and pure lines

Its fine, clean and elegant lines do not deceive us about its origins. The Pharaoh's Dog is indeed a sighthound that gives off a noble and powerful air. Used as a hunting dog, it is also ideal as a pet.

Characteristics of the Pharaoh Hound

On closer inspection, it is true that the Pharaoh's dog has a royal air about it. He fully deserves his name. But before we talk about its origins and the reasons behind its name, let's first focus on its exceptional physique. This medium-sized dog exudes agility, power and elegance. They have a sleek body that expresses smooth, easy and free movements. Males generally measure between 56 and 63.5 cm and females between 53 and 61 cm. The average weight is 28 kg. The Pharaoh's dog has a dry, long skull, which must be shorter than the muzzle. The stop is light, the jaws are powerful and the nose is liver colored. The eyes of oval form reveal an expression of intelligence and awakening. They are of amber color. As for the ears, they are set high, are mobile and erect when the animal is awake. This breed has a shiny, short, tight and fine coat. The coat is reddish brown with white markings on the toes.

History of the breed Pharaoh's Dog

A very ancient breed, the Pharaoh's Hound also known as the Pharaoh's Greyhound has its origins in ancient Egypt. Its ancestors lived on the Mediterranean coast, especially in Sicily, Crete, the Balearic Islands, Spain and the Maltese islands. The life on these islands has allowed the breed to be isolated and has preserved it from genetic manipulation. It is said that the dog we know today is very close to the Tesem of the Pharaohs. In the 60's, the breed arrived in the United States and in England and from there began its expansion. The Pharaoh's dog is mainly used as a hound which is appreciated for its speed and its flair. It also makes an excellent pet.

Living conditions and behavior of the Pharaoh Dog

At home, the Pharaoh Dog is very affectionate and naturally cheerful. It likes to be cared for and will be gentle and calm if it has everything it needs. He enjoys children and especially playing with them. This dog is vigilant by nature and tends to be wary of strangers, which is why it can also be used for guarding. In order to ensure its well-being and health, it needs to exercise daily. Sporting or hunting masters are perfect for him. As for his living environment, he prefers the countryside and its wide open spaces rather than the urban rush.

Diet and main health problems of the Pharaoh Dog

The Pharaoh Dog is a hardy and robust breed that does not suffer from any particular genetic defect. On the other hand, as its hair is fine and short, it supports very badly the bad weather and the winter cold.

The Chesapeake Bay Retriever, an outdoor dog that loves to swim

The Chesapeake Bay Retriever, affectionately known as Chessie, is a very successful hunting dog and a very good pet because of its playful and affectionate nature. This outdoor dog would be the happiest in the world if he could live near a lake, because he loves to swim.

Characteristics of the Chesapeake Bay Retriever

Belonging to the group 8 of game and water dogs, the Chesapeake Bay Retriever is medium-sized with a harmonious and powerful build and a developed and broad chest. The male measures between 58 and 66 cm and weighs between 29 and 36 kg while the female is between 53 and 61 cm for a weight of 25 to 32 kg. This dog has a head proportional to the rest of the body with a rounded and broad skull, a muzzle that tapers to its tip and a slightly short nose. The jaws are powerful enough to carry the game. The eyes are full of intelligence and vivacity. They are rather clear with their amber-yellow color which distinguishes it from other races. The small ears fall at the level of the cheeks and are placed high on the skull. The Chessie has a short, tight, rough and wavy coat. The coat comes in shades of rush, brown or dead grass. The standard favors monochromatic coats, although white patches on the belly, chest, feet and toes are tolerated.

History of the Chesapeake Bay Retriever breed

The Chesapeake Bay Retriever originated in the United States. It first appeared around the 19th century. According to history, an English ship was wrecked off the coast of Maryland at that time. The crew was composed of two puppies from the island of Newfoundland. They found refuge with a family on the Chesapeake Bay. Over the years, they were bred with native breeds such as otters and retrievers, resulting in the Chesapeake Bay Retriever. The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is mainly used for hunting and has the ability to adapt to harsh weather conditions.

Living requirements and behavior of the Chesapeake Bay Retriever

The Chessie is a versatile breed used for guarding, hunting and companionship. It is cheerful and alert and reveals a tender, affectionate and friendly nature. However, it is not suitable for people who have no experience in dog training, as this dog tends to be dominant and stubborn and needs a firm education. Cohabitation with other animals is difficult, as its hunting instinct can take over at any time, not to mention territorial conflicts with other dogs. With children, the Chessie is gentle and playful provided that the little ones know how to be respectful towards him.

Diet and major health problems of the Chesapeake Bay Retriever

In general, the Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a robust dog. However, it is necessary to keep an eye on certain typical pathologies that can affect it, such as degenerative myelopathy, which causes balance problems or worse, paralysis, as well as mucopolysaccharidosis type VI, which manifests itself in heart failure and skeletal deformities. The "exercise induced collapse" caused by intense efforts is also to be feared in this breed.

The Broholmer, the perfect watchdog

The Broholmer could easily be mistaken for the Mastiff, Boerboel or Tosa with its impressive molosser-like physique. The Broholmer is a dog breed originating from Denmark that makes an exceptional family dog, but also a very good watchdog.

Characteristics of the Broholmer

The Broholmer is a large, massive, muscular dog with a body that fits into a rectangle. Its energetic and powerful appearance contributes to its particularity. It measures about 70 cm for the female and 75 cm for the male and weighs on average between 40 and 70 kg depending on the sex. This dog is recognizable by its large and massive head that does not stand out from the rest of the body. The skull is flat and wide, the muzzle is massive and the stop is not very accentuated. The animal's eyes are of intermediate size, round in shape and with an amber tone. It reveals a look full of assurance which shows that this dog is not afraid of the eyes. The ears are set high, of medium size and fall to the cheeks. The Broholmer's coat is short and close lying. The coat comes in several colors: golden red, black or fawn. The dog wears a black mask. The presence of white on the feet, chest and tip of the tail is tolerated by the standard.

History of the Broholmer breed

The Broholmer is a very old breed whose existence goes back to the Middle Ages. It originates from Denmark and is a cross between dogs imported by the Vikings and some German mastiffs. Originally, this breed was mainly used to guard herds and houses and to hunt deer. Gradually, improvements were made to the animal's genetics and English mastiff blood was added. The popularity of the Broholmer was built up in the 18th century thanks to Count Sehested of Broholm. Today, this dog is rare as there are only 800 specimens in the world.

Living conditions and behavior of the Broholmer

Behind its intimidating appearance lies a calm, affectionate and confident dog. It is said that the Broholmer has a heart of gold: it is deeply attached to its owners and would not exchange its family life for anything in the world. In addition to this great affection, it is also a lively animal, smart, docile and pleasant to live with. He will never say no to a game of play with the kids, but interactions must be constantly supervised, because the animal can hurt the little ones because of his size. When it comes to living arrangements, one thing is for sure: this hound will not fit in a small studio. He needs a lot of space and daily exercise.

The Broholmer's diet and main health problems

The Broholmer is a very robust dog. A very strict follow-up is operated by the Danish breeders in order to avoid the development of hereditary diseases. On the other hand, it is advisable to constantly monitor the ear canal to prevent infections. As for the food, it must be adapted to the slow growth of the animal from its young age then, once adult, it will be calibrated according to its way of life and its health.

The Mudi, energetic and working dog

Hungary has its own fascinating dog breeds like the Mudi. Full of energy and intelligence, this breed is very popular for its versatility. Whether it's used as a hound, guard dog, herding dog or companion dog, the Mudi performs all of these tasks with flying colors.

Characteristics of the Mudi

Physically, the Mudi is not the most beautiful and elegant dog. Behind its rustic appearance lies an animal that gives an impression of vigor and an original look with wide, confident gestures and a particular gait that is always trotting. The Mudi is a medium-sized breed that measures between 38 cm and 48 cm for a weight of 8 to 13 kg depending on sex and age. It has a wedge-shaped head that tapers to the nose and shows dynamism, attention, intelligence and joy. The slightly accentuated stop is accompanied by a narrow nose, black or brown depending on the coat. The narrow eyes reveal an expression of recklessness, especially because of their tapered corners. The V-shaped ears are set high and mobile. They externalize the mood of the animal. Concerning the coat, it is short on the head and the limbs. On the rest of the body, it is shiny, tight, curly or wavy. The dress for its part is intense black, white, blue merle, ashy or brown. Stripes or spots are accepted.

History of the Mudi breed

There are not many written records of the history of the Mudi. The only certainty is that this dog comes from Hungary and appeared in the 18th or 19th century. It is also said that it is a cross between German shepherds with erect ears and Hungarian shepherd dogs like the Puli. Like most dog breeds, the Mudi almost became extinct during the Great War without the intervention of enthusiasts. The dog was mainly used as a hunting dog before becoming a pet. It is not well known outside Hungary, although there is a small population in Finland, the United States and Canada.

Living requirements and behavior of the Mudi

Although it is a working dog, the Mudi has a form of attachment to its social group. It is an animal known for its unfailing courage and liveliness while developing a social temperament with its fellow dogs and children. They enjoy games, but will prefer to play dog sports such as agility. The Mudi is also known for its diligence, involvement, alertness and intelligence. It is relatively dependent on its master and does not like solitude. Its advantage? It can live in an apartment as well as in a house, as long as it gets as much physical activity as possible.

Diet and main health problems of the Mudi

The Mudi is a hardy, robust dog that rarely suffers from disease. However, regular checks of its ears should be done to avoid injuries and infections.

The diet should be varied and adapted to its specific needs, physical activity and age.

Is the dog prone to strokes (cerebral vascular accidents)?

Stroke is more rare in dogs than in humans. It is in any case an absolute veterinary emergency. Let's review the different forms of stroke in dogs, the causes, the warning signs and the symptoms that should alert. Let's also see which after-effects are possible, how to treat and prevent stroke in canines.

The different types of stroke in dogs

There are different forms of stroke in canines, namely :

• Cerebral infarction or ischemic stroke: responsible for neurological disorders, it is due to the obstruction of an artery resulting in poor irrigation of the brain. The formation of a clot is often linked to aging.
• Cerebral hemorrhage or hemorrhagic stroke: a cerebral vascular accident is due to an increase in intracranial pressure following a major hemorrhage caused by the rupture of a blood vessel. A ruptured aneurysm or head trauma are likely causes of hemorrhagic stroke.

Ischemic stroke is more common in dogs than hemorrhagic stroke.

Which dogs are more likely to have a stroke?

In the majority of cases, ischemic stroke occurs in older dogs because aging vessels increase the risk of clots. But some dogs are more prone to it than others.

As for the hemorrhagic form, it can occur independently of the animal's age. It is, for example, linked to the lifestyle when the dog is exposed to the risk of cranial trauma.

Moreover, it seems that the Labrador, the Poodle and the German Shepherd are among the breeds more predisposed than others to strokes. Finally, some diseases are more likely to cause a stroke, such as endocrine, renal or cardiac pathologies, as well as hypertension.

Nevertheless, there are still almost half of the cases for which the cause is not identified. In this case, it is called idiopathic stroke.

Stroke in dogs: warning signs and symptoms

In some cases, the dog can present signs announcing a Cerebral Vascular Accident, such as

• Vomiting,
• Head tilted to one side,
• Sudden weakness,
• Tremors,
• Convulsions,
• Disorientation,
• Crabbed or staggering gait,
• Loss of balance,
• Rapid, involuntary jerking movements of the eyeballs or nystagmus,
• A vague look in the eyes,
• A phase of unconsciousness,
• A lack of reaction when called by the owner.

If the dog presents one or more of these signs, its owner must urgently take it to the veterinarian.

Stroke can also occur without warning signs. In this case, the dog presents symptoms of extremely sudden onset, such as

• A stiffening of the limbs,
• An asymmetric paralysis of the limbs and the face,
• Totally uncontrollable snapping of the jaw.

It is imperative to go to the veterinary emergency room or to call a veterinarian on duty, even if the symptoms are discreet. The emergency is absolute: every minute counts because in many cases the risks of after-effects linked to a stroke are numerous, and the dog's vital prognosis is engaged. 20% of the chances of survival are lost every 60 minutes.

Stroke : possible after-effects

The greater the intensity of a stroke, the greater the risk of after-effects. The same applies to the speed of intervention. If we wait too long, the dog risks accumulating after-effects due to the necrosis of its brain deprived of oxygen and blood. A few minutes without adequate blood supply is enough to cause irreversible damage to this organ in many cases.

Among the after-effects of a stroke in dogs are:

• Loss of:
• Visual acuity,
• of the auditory acuity,
• of the sense of smell,
• of taste.
• An exacerbated sensitivity in the perception of pain,
• Difficulties in walking,
• A partial or total paralysis,
• Incontinence,
• Cognitive disorders.

Stroke in dogs: case-by-case treatment

The owner of a dog that has suffered a stroke must take note of everything that seems important to him to allow the veterinarian to quickly establish his diagnosis. He must be able to give him all possible information concerning the signs and symptoms observed, even if they are slight: their chronological order, the time they appeared, their duration, their intensity, the dog's condition and his attitude during the days preceding the appearance of all these manifestations. Filming the dog to show the practitioner the videos can be very useful.

A protocol of care must be set up as soon as possible, on the one hand to limit the risks of brain lesions, on the other hand to protect the life of the dog.

The veterinarian must identify the cause of the stroke (hypertension, tumor....) in order to treat it. After a thorough clinical examination, the veterinarian performs a neurological examination, a blood test, an MRI or a brain scan, an echocardiography. Treatment is then prescribed on a case-by-case basis.

At the same time, the dog is put to rest and if it has difficulty walking as a result of its stroke, it will have to undergo rehabilitation. It can take time for the dog to recover. It is important to be patient, to give him good care and to allow him to get enough sleep. You should also give him easy-to-chew food if he has difficulty chewing.

A dog that has had a stroke must be able to count on its owner to help it recover. You must be attentive and allow your pet to save its energy. Physical prowess should be avoided at first. One should therefore be satisfied with making him walk quietly during the walks so that he does not have to make big efforts.

Stroke in dogs: what about prevention?

A healthy lifestyle (balanced diet, fight against obesity, maintaining a daily physical activity) can limit the risks of stroke. There is certainly no miracle recipe to prevent this serious health problem. However, we can put all the chances on our side by limiting the risks of factors favouring the cerebral vascular accident.

It is also recommended to monitor the health of your little companion throughout its life. Having a check-up every year is a good precaution because it allows to identify any problem early. Identifying an underlying pathology is very important.

Of course, consultations and veterinary procedures are expensive, but by insuring your dog with a health insurance company for animals, you can be reimbursed, either partially or in full. It is the best solution to take care of your dog's health at a lower cost. Finding a suitable formula is easy if you go through a pet health insurance comparison. It is free and without obligation.

Cutting your dog's nails: why and how?

When they are excessively long, dogs' nails cause a lot of inconveniences that have a direct impact on the animal's health and well-being. Clipping them is therefore an essential gesture, but one that leaves no room for improvisation. Here is how to proceed.

Reasons to trim your dog's nails regularly

In principle, a female dog's nails wear out naturally during walks on hard surfaces such as concrete, paving stones or asphalt. However, if your dog lives in an apartment and doesn't have the chance to take advantage of this natural phenomenon, it will be necessary to trim its nails. If you don't do it, your dog will suffer from ingrown toenails, for example, which are known to be very painful. The dog will also have a different posture and will be very embarrassed when walking. Long nails can also cause bleeding from the paw, infections and other potentially serious complications.

The question now is: when to cut the claws? To find out, you just have to observe your dog first. Basically, when your dog is standing, he should be leaning on his paw pads and not on his claws. If you notice this, or if you notice that your dog's toes are twisted because of his claws, this is a sure sign.

It is very important to note that dogs develop hypersensitivity in their paws. He will not let himself be touched easily and may even express aggression at the time of the operation. To avoid this behavior, you must get him used to having his nails trimmed from a young age. As soon as possible, get him used to handling his paws so that they are less sensitive.

Techniques for clipping a dog's nails

Before starting the operation, remember to equip yourself with the right tool. There is no question of using your classic nail clippers or electrician's clippers on your dog. Use a specific nail clipper available in any pet store or department store. Then check that his paws are clean. If not, clean them.

Then the serious stuff can begin. You will only touch the dead claws of the animal. If the animal has white claws, the dead part will be the one that is not pink indicating the presence of blood vessels. In case of black paws, the exercise is more difficult. You will have to use a lamp to differentiate the dead claws from those which are not. Don't forget to remove the dewclaws on the upper part of the paws at the same time. During this pedicure, have absorbent cotton and hydrogen peroxide on hand to quickly clean any wounds.

Too afraid to act on it and hurt your pet? Instead of clipping, consider filing his nails with electric nail clippers. Or, you can also teach your pet to claw on sandpaper - yes, definitely! It's an effective method and saves him a lot of grief.

The Pug, a small dog with a funny face

We also call him the Pug, this little dog with a so touching face has not finished seducing you. Can be calm or playful, it is also pleasant to live with and very endearing, what to make the happiness of all families.

Characteristics of the Pug

The Pug belongs to the big family of the molossoïdes but of small size (approximately 30 to 40 cm to the withers) for a weight estimated between 8 and 12 kg. It is characterized by its flattened face which often leads it to purr and snore. Around this muzzle are deep and wide wrinkles that give him a really atypical look. The head is round and wide. The ears are thin and small and can be button or pink. Its large and bulging eyes give a glimpse of a very expressive look combining affection and softness.

The coat is always short, smooth and silky and has several possible colors. Another particularity of the Pug concerns its tail which is attached high and forms a very accentuated loop, like a corkscrew.

History of the Pug breed

Even if it knows its most fulgurating success in Europe, the Pug is in fact originating from China. Having more than three millenia of history behind him, he was one of the fetish breeds of the Mandarins as well as the Tibetan monks. It was then introduced in Europe in the 16th century, when the Silk Road was opened. The first country which claimed the paternity of the Pug is initially Holland. But it will be in England that the breed will be officially recognized. To know that the Pug has rubbed shoulders with all the aristocracy and many princesses, of which it was the favorite dog. It is the case of the marquise of Pompadour, the queen Marie-Antoinette or still the duchess of Windsor.

Necessary living conditions and behavior of the Pug

The Pug is famous to be a true concentrate of softness. It is very fond of its master and will not show any reluctance towards strangers. This breed is especially sought after for its jovial and playful character, which appeals greatly to children. This little prankster loves to be cuddled by his family and enjoys being with them continuously. Since he doesn't need a lot of physical exercise, he is suitable for sedentary or elderly people. Its small size also makes it ideal for apartment living.

Even if it has many qualities, the Pug is a bit of a curmudgeon. To avoid that he leads the dance in your house, making your cohabitation chaotic, educate him from his youngest age.

Food and main health problems of the Pug

Because of its flattened face, the Pug reveals respiratory difficulties. It also does not appreciate when it is too hot. But one of the main health problems attributed to this breed is eye problems. The eyes are affected by inflammation and reddening. Itching, ear infections, redness and other symptoms caused by atopy are another problem that can be encountered by the Pug.

The food when it will be classic. This breed does not need a specific diet. Nevertheless, watch the quantity of food that you give him to avoid the overweight.

How to teach your dog not to chase cats?

Not to chase a cat, whether it is the house cat or the neighbor's cat, is part of the educational principles that it is fundamental to inculcate in your dog. It is necessary to do it as soon as possible so that it does not become a habit, especially since it is also very useful not to be angry with the neighbor. So let's see what is the best way for your dog to learn not to chase cats and how to introduce a dog and a cat that will have to live under the same roof.

Cats and dogs can get along very well

These pets are not the worst enemies in the world. We all have examples of dogs and cats that get along like a house on fire. Generally, a beautiful complicity can even link a dog and a cat raised together since their youngest age. Of course, this also depends on the character of each.

However, if there are any sparks in the relationship between these two animals, it is necessary to intervene so that this changes. It is important to take things in hand very quickly if the poor kitty is constantly being chased by the dog. But if this cold war has been going on forever, it's best to turn to a behaviorist veterinarian for help.

Adopting a cat when you have a dog: making the right introductions

If you already own a dog and you want to adopt a cat (or vice versa), it is very important to introduce the animals to each other. In order to make the contact smoothly, we choose a neutral place which must be neither the cat's territory, nor the place where the dog is used to reigning as master. It can therefore be a room in the house where no animal ever enters.

You have to be patient because these introductions can take time. A pet that is already at home is likely to disapprove of a disruptive intruder and push him away. The best idea is to provide treats for each of them in order to de-stress them but also to congratulate them with encouraging words if everything goes well. But it is imperative to keep the dog on a leash during these taming sessions.

When the cat and the dog get along well and know each other well enough, it will still be necessary to supervise them for a few days in order to make sure that the kitty is not at risk. Be careful, however, to interpret the dog's attitude correctly. The dog may be chasing the cat to play, not to wring its neck!

Punish the dog in a constructive way

If the dog chases the cat despite the owner's best efforts to dissuade it, it should be punished. The best way to do this is to catch the dog in the act and put him away in a room that should be designated for this type of punishment. The purpose of this seclusion is to allow the dog to understand that he has not been behaving properly. However, the dog should not stay away for more than 5 or 10 minutes, as it would be pointless to stay away longer.

After this time, the dog should be led by its collar into the room where the cat is, in order to repeat the exercise. If the dog does not cooperate, it should be immediately returned to the room where the cat is to be removed, and so on. After some back and forth, he should accept the presence of the cat without chasing him.

But until this victory is achieved, patience is required, as well as consistency and firmness. On the other hand, it is useless to yell at the dog and of course, he should not be beaten if he runs after the cat.

Diverting the dog's attention during each outing

If the dog chases the neighborhood cats on every walk, you should not let him go out alone, but accompany him and keep him on a leash. To do this, he must be at least partially trained and know how to obey when his owner gives him the order not to touch. If the dog pulls on the leash to chase a cat, the owner should repeat the command firmly and shorten the leash as much as possible. If the dog seems to calm down, a treat should be given to him. This learning process can last a couple of weeks and should always be done in the same way.

At the same time, it can be effective to exercise your dog on a leash throughout the walk. This way, the dog stays focused on what his owner wants from him, and he can more easily divert his attention from the cats he is likely to meet. Again, if he is cooperative, he should be congratulated and given a treat.

Of course, if the dog has to stay in the garden when its owners are away (work, school, college...), it is highly recommended to fence the property. It is radical so that he stops chasing the cats and disturbs the neighborhood at the same time. It must be recognized that such an attitude is not very reassuring for people, stressful for kittens, and it increases the risk of accidents for both the hunter and the hunted.

The Dunker or Norwegian Hound

Originally from Norway, the Dunker is a born sportsman. The Dunker is a natural athlete, as evidenced by its athleticism. Although he can participate in certain dog sports such as canirun or canicross, he shines especially as a determined and energetic hunting dog.

Characteristics of the Dunker

With a powerful body that is not heavy and can be fitted into a triangle, the Dunker reveals an expression of endurance. It has lean, strong and sinewy forelegs and upper limbs that are properly angulated. The dog is of medium size, measuring between 47 and 53 cm for females and between 50 and 55 cm for males. It weighs on average between 20 and 25 kg. Its head is recognizable by its convex skull and its prominent occiput. It has a pronounced stop, a muzzle that is longer than it is short and a black nose with large nostrils. The eyes are remarkable for their round appearance, dark color and size. They express the seriousness and charm of the animal. The blue merle subjects have minnow eyes. Concerning the ears, they are flat, of medium width and set at half height. The hair is short without being excessive, hard, straight and abundant. The coat can be black or blue merle with the presence of white or pale fawn markings.

History of the Dunker breed

Its name already says a lot about its origins. The Norwegian Hound comes from the eponymous country and was born under the impulse of Wilhelm Conrad Dunker to whom it owes its second patronymic. It is in 1850 that the latter establishes the first standard of the race. His goal was to obtain a hunting dog that was resistant and enduring to catch hares and rabbits while being able to face the difficult climatic conditions of Norway. It was born from a cross between several "bloodhounds", trained to find injured game. Unfortunately, due to inbreeding, the breed has known very difficult times. Even today, it is almost unknown outside Norway.

Living requirements and behavior of the Dunker

The Dunker has a good character. He is sociable, friendly and affectionate. He can be counted on for play sessions with children. On this occasion, he will not fail to express his olfactory abilities. This dog is also very intelligent, balanced and has strong nerves. Its education is easy, because it is receptive and always listening to its masters. Nevertheless, firmness is required so that it does not make it to its head. In terms of lifestyle, a house with a large garden will be more compatible. He needs to run constantly for his mental and physical fitness. Active owners who are available for daily walks will suit him.

The Dunker's diet and major health problems

The Dunker is a model of robustness and resistance. It is very little affected by diseases except for hip dysplasia, which is important to monitor. For its well-being and health, regular physical exercise should be accompanied by a rich and healthy diet.

The Polish Shepherd of Podhale or Tatra Shepherd

Hairy dogs always have that irresistible teddy bear look. The Polish Tatra Shepherd is one of them. This immaculately white breed shines for its friendliness, its attachment to people and its protective instincts.

Characteristics of the Polish Podhalese Shepherd

Its beautiful appearance and imposing attitude contribute to its success with families. The Polish Shepherd Dog is appreciated as a companion in the home. It is distinguished by its relatively massive, rectangular body, which is also compact and strong. Males tend to be shorter than females. The average height of the breed varies from 60 to 70 cm and its weight varies between 55 and 60 kg. This dog is remarkable for its dry head in harmony with the rest of the body. It has a convex skull, not very pronounced, with a pronounced stop, a medium-sized black nose and a strong muzzle that tapers to the tip. The eyes are set at an angle, expressive and of medium size. The ears are triangular in shape, of medium length and set slightly high. The Polish Podhale Shepherd has a long, dense coat that is hard on the tail, trunk and neck and short and abundant on the head. The coat must be exclusively white and uniform.

History of the Polish Podhalese Shepherd Dog

Formerly known as the Tatra Shepherd Dog, the Podhale Polish Shepherd was primarily used to herd cattle in the Tatra Mountains, which lie halfway between Slovakia and Poland. The breed is said to have first appeared around the 14th century and is said to be a cross between the Tibetan Shepherd, the Hungarian Kuvasz and other breeds. It was a huge success with the shepherds of the time because of its fearlessness and became a popular companion and guard dog because of its protective instinct and beautiful appearance. Like many breeds, the Polish Podhale Shepherd was close to extinction during World War II without the intervention of enthusiasts.

Living requirements and behavior of the Polish Shepherd Dog

The Polish Shepherd Dog is the perfect guardian to protect your home and family. He is vigilant and has a strong protective instinct. Moreover, he does not trust strangers. As a companion dog, he is appreciated for his calm and thoughtful character. He is very affectionate towards his family even if he can be invasive from time to time. It is also an excellent companion for children, as it is playful in nature. On the other hand, it is not a dog advised for the neophytes in canine education, because it needs a firm education and shows itself stubborn.

Diet and main health problems of the Polish Shepherd of Podhale

The Polish Shepherd of Podhale can be affected by hip dysplasia. This is one of the rare diseases that can affect him and it is essential to monitor. His diet must be adapted to his physical exercises, his age and his health.

My dog has a broken claw: what to do?

It is quite common for dogs to tear or break a claw. It is an accident that leads to bleeding and pain and therefore, lameness. More rarely, it can be a pathological damage of the claw called onyxis. Whatever the origin, a problem with a claw requires the dog to be treated by a veterinarian in most cases. While waiting for the consultation, the owner must disinfect the affected area by taking certain precautions because his dog may not let himself be treated.

Broken claw in a dog: mandatory disinfection

A broken or torn claw causes significant bleeding as soon as the vascularized part is affected. You must immediately take a gauze and soak it with a non-stinging antiseptic (such as diluted chlorhexidine) to disinfect the injured area. It is then necessary to equip the animal with a collar or an inflatable collar so that it cannot lick itself. Disinfection should be done twice a day for at least three days. However, if the bleeding does not stop, it warrants a quick consultation.

You should be very careful when disinfecting your dog's broken claw, even if the animal is usually gentle and patient. The pain can considerably modify his behavior, and the nicest dog can bite, even his owner. If there is any doubt, it is better to take precautions. For example, you can put a muzzle on your pet for the time of the treatment.

Broken claw: how to stop the bleeding?

While waiting to take your dog to the veterinarian's office, you must stop the bleeding that follows the breaking of a claw, by using :

• Either a hemostatic powder that can be obtained in a pharmacy,
• Or a stick of silver nitrate.

It is better to always have some in the first aid kit of your dog. Otherwise, while waiting to go to the veterinarian, you can use cornstarch if you only have it on hand. Simply sprinkle it on the bleeding area, then put a clean, dry cloth on top and apply pressure.

Torn claw: when removal of the claw is necessary

Sometimes, veterinary intervention is absolutely necessary. This is the case when the claw has been completely torn off or if it is broken at the base of a finger. The removal of the claw is necessary. The operation is performed after the dog is sedated. It has two objectives:

• To promote the normal regrowth of the torn claw,
• To avoid infection, to note if the master delayed to consult the veterinarian, the animal can be placed under antibiotic.

The surgical act lasts only a few minutes. The veterinarian then puts a bandage that the dog will have to keep for more or less 24 hours. Afterwards, a collar is put on the animal and it must be kept on for four to seven days. For walks, it is useful to put a boot on the dog.

Finally, painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in the most serious cases.

How to prevent the dog from breaking a claw?

The dog is more likely to break its nails when they are too long. It is therefore important to trim them regularly, as we do with our nails (well, if we do not suffer from onychophagy!). Note that in most cases, it is the dewclaw that is the most exposed to breakage because it is not in contact with the ground and therefore does not wear out. To trim your dog's nails, proceed as follows:

• Clean the dog's paws with soap and water, for example in the bathtub, using a small soft bristle brush like a nail brush for the nails. Rinse well and dry.
• Proceed foot by foot, using either a claw trimmer, an accessory perfectly adapted to small dogs, or an electric file, preferable for large dogs.
• Locate the living area of each claw (including the dewclaw) so as not to cut or file too short. This is the vascularized part that should not be touched. It can be identified by a dark spot in the center of each claw. A cut that is too severe can lead to bleeding that must be stopped immediately with a compress soaked in cold water or with a bandage that the dog must keep for a few hours.

A dog that goes out every day and spends enough time running in the nature, on the tar, or scratching the ground wears out its claws (except the dewclaw as we have seen before). Some dogs do not really need their master to intervene. On the other hand, in sedentary dogs, the claws do not wear out much. Therefore, these animals are more likely to break a claw than others if they are not regularly cared for. It is recommended to have your dog's nails cleaned by a veterinarian or a groomer every two months.

The Pumi, affectionate, faithful and cheerful dog

Don't be fooled by its plush appearance. The Pumi is a master in the art of guarding large herds. Today, he is less used as a sheepdog and has found a new vocation as a pet. A role that he assumes wonderfully as a dog affectionate, faithful, constant and always cheerful.

Characteristics of the Pumi

Its original appearance is a great advantage. At first glance, the Pumi seems to come straight out of a cartoon with its unusual physique. It is a medium-sized dog that is between 38 and 44 cm for females and between 41 and 47 for males. The animal has a vigorous body, inscribable in a square and which resembles the terrier. This similarity is especially striking at the level of the head. The Pumi has a skull whose top is rounded and wide. The forehead is slightly rounded and long. What makes the head very typical is the elongated muzzle with a barely visible stop, a truncated and narrow nose, a muzzle with a straight muzzle as well as tight and dark lips. The ears are also particular since they are carried high on the head with the ends folded forward. Expressive and mobile, they form a sort of inverted V. As for the eyes, they are in oblique position, oval, of intermediate size and of dark brown color. The Pumi has a curly and wavy coat that should not be corded or smooth. The length of the coat ranges from 4 to 7 cm. The coat is gray in all shades, fawn or black.

History of the Pumi breed

Not much is known about the history of the Pumi. Its origin goes back a long way since it dates back to the 18th century. The breed was born in Hungary from a cross between the Puli, terriers and other Shepherds from Germany and France. This explains why it looks so much like the terrier varieties. Nevertheless, it is especially with the Puli that it was related for more than two centuries before benefiting from its own standard. In 1919, the two breeds were definitely separated. The Pumi was officially recognized in 1923. In 2011, while Hungary is introducing a tax on dogs, the government of Viktor Orbán creates the national dog preference in a way, exempting owners of Pumi recognized as "Hungarian breed" ...

Living conditions and behavior of the Pumi

The Pumi is known for its versatility. It can be used as a sheepdog, guard dog, hunting dog, search dog and companion dog. It is a playful animal and will not miss any opportunity to show it. He is very affectionate and attached to his family. It is also a very playful animal that loves to spend time with children. It is said that it is very lively and has an overflowing energy that is why it can not live in an apartment. Indeed, it needs to spend constantly and especially, it tends to bark a lot which may disturb the neighbors.

Food and main health problems of the Pumi

The Pumi has the chance to have a very robust health. It does not develop any specific pathology. As far as food is concerned, he is satisfied with classic meals which will nevertheless have to be adapted to his physical activity as well as to his age.

The Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen, a vigorous and agile little dog

If we had to summarize its characteristics in a few words, the Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen is a vigorous, agile, kind and courageous little dog that will make a perfect companion at home. It's hard to resist his little face, which is always in a good mood.

Characteristics of the Small Basset Griffon Vendeen

The Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen is a vigorous and lively dog with an average height of 34 to 38 cm. Its relatively long body, straight limbs and short tail are among its physical characteristics. The animal is identifiable by its very expressive head. It has a slightly elongated skull, slightly domed and a little wide with a stop whose break of the forehead is accentuated. The muzzle is square at the end, elongated and straight while the nose with open nostrils is developed and well out with a black, brown or white and orange color. The Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen has large eyes that are dark in color and whose white must be invisible. The look reveals a beautiful expression of intelligence. A few hairs can come to hide the eyes, but without excess. As for the ears, they are fine, narrow and flexible and end in oval. Long hairs come to garnish them. Concerning the coat, it is medium long and hard without being woolly or soft. The coat is black with fawn, sandy or white markings or it is fawn with white or black and white markings.

History of the breed Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen

Originating from the Vendée region as its name suggests, the Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen is a miniature version of the Grand Griffon Vendéen, which is said to have originated from the old Saint-Hubert pack. In the past, the two breeds had the same standard since the only difference was their size. However, the Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen was heavier in comparison with the large variety. The creation of the standard for this small dog was the initiative of Abel Desamy in 1947. The breed was mainly used for hunting hares and rabbits. Moreover, the first French Cup on rabbits was won by a pack of Petit Bassets Griffons Vendéens.

Necessary living conditions and behavior of the Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen

The Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen has an exemplary character. It is certainly passionate about hunting, but it also proves to be an excellent pet at home. He is a playful, cheerful, sociable, dynamic and always friendly dog. In spite of its small size, it shows courage. Above all, he is appreciated for his ability to adapt. He can be an angel at home and turn into a ball of energy outside. He loves long walks in the woods and develops a strong endurance for running. This dog needs to live outside to expend its energy. Hikers, sportsmen or better yet, hunters are perfect for him.

Diet and main health problems of the Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen

The Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen is prone to certain diseases that must be monitored very closely, including congenital malformations, hip dysplasia and spinal problems due to its elongated back. As far as food is concerned, it must be adapted to the animal's lifestyle: if it is very active, it will need food rich in energy and nutrients.

5 recipes for do-it-yourself dog treats

Store-bought dog treats can be expensive. The alternative of making them yourself is even more appealing because you control the quality of the ingredients you use. You can also choose the recipes that are best suited to your four-legged friend's taste and body type. And finally, you can use the leftovers from your meals so you don't throw anything away. To inspire you, we present five easy-to-make and easy-to-tailor treat recipes that will delight your dog.

Precautions to take with dog treats

Treats can be used to train dogs. If you do, you'll be giving your dog treats quite often, so it's important to include treats in the daily ration to avoid inappropriate weight gain.

In general, do not feed your dog raw food. Beware of certain foods that are harmless to us but dangerous to the dog: cocoa, onions, raw garlic and shallots, grapes (dried or fresh), avocado, nuts and dried fruit, yeast, cabbage, radishes and leeks... Avoid salt. High-fiber ingredients can also cause intestinal problems in dogs. Lactose is not well digested either.

You should also be wary of dried liver, which is rich in vitamin A. As this vitamin is stored in fat, it is not easily eliminated by the body: overdose is therefore possible, leading to hair loss, pain, lethargy, skin disease.

If you start making treats without having accustomed your pet to them since it was a puppy, it is preferable to make small quantities beforehand in order to test its reactions to the different cookies you offer it.

1- A recipe for chicken dog treats

Ingredients:

• 210 g wheat flour
• 1 egg
• 1 teaspoon of unsalted chicken stock
• 160 g chicken fillet, cooked and cut into small cubes
• 250 ml of hot water

Preparation:

• Preheat oven to 180 °C
• Dilute the chicken stock in the hot water
• Mix flour, egg and water to obtain a homogeneous paste
• Add the chicken pieces and knead until the pieces are evenly distributed in the dough
• Roll out the dough to a thickness of 0.5 cm and cut the cookies into the shape you want
• Place the cookies on a baking sheet covered with parchment paper and bake until golden brown

2 - A recipe for tuna dog treats

Ingredients:

• 1 can of natural tuna
• 125 g breadcrumbs
• 30 g spelt flour
• 2 tablespoons sunflower oil
• 1 egg white

Preparation:

• You proceed as in the previous recipe: preheat the oven to 180 °C, mix all the ingredients, mix, spread the dough and cut the cookies before baking them.

3 - A recipe for apple and banana dog treats

Ingredients:

• 200 g of rice flour
• 2 tablespoons of honey
• 2 eggs
• 2 apples
• 1 ripe banana
• 1 tablespoon of olive oil

Preparation:

• Preheat the oven to 180 °C
• Peel the banana and the apples, remove the center of the apples and especially all the seeds
• Blend the fruits
• Add all the other ingredients and mix to obtain a homogeneous paste
• Pour the batter into small pans
• Bake until the cakes are golden brown

4 - A recipe for beef and carrot dog treats

Ingredients:

• 2 cups whole grain flour
• 1 cup of pureed beef
• 1 cup shredded carrots
• 1/2 cup sunflower oil
• 2 eggs

Preparation:

• Preheat oven to 180°C
• Mix all ingredients to form a homogeneous dough
• Take small balls of dough and roll them out by hand on a floured work surface to form rounds of 2 cm in diameter and 0.5 cm thick
• Place the cookies on a baking sheet covered with parchment paper and bake until golden brown

5 - Make dried sausage strips for dogs

Ingredient:

• Turkey sausages

Preparation:

• Cut the sausages into thin strips and then cut the strips into 0.5 cm wide strips
• Place on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper
• Place in a 70°C oven for one day (about 10 hours). Make sure that the sausages do not burn, the aim is only to dry them out
• Throughout the process, if the fat rendered by the sausages is too abundant, you absorb it with paper towels. At the end, the strips have a leathery appearance. Store them in a plastic box.

Uterine tumor in female dogs: causes, symptoms and treatment

Unspayed female dogs are the most affected by uterine tumors, especially older and middle-aged female dogs. However, no more than 0.4% of all tumors diagnosed in female dogs are uterine. What are the causes and what are the symptoms that may lead to the suspicion of a uterine tumor in female dogs? Can this type of pathology be treated and how serious is it?

The different types of uterine tumors in female dogs

Uterine tumors in female dogs are not very common, but they occur in the following proportions:

• 9 out of 10 are benign,
• 1 in 10 is malignant.

A benign tumor is one that is not life threatening. This is the case of leiomyoma which is located in the smooth muscle tissue.

As for leiomyosarcoma or LMS, it is a malignant tumor of the uterus in female dogs with a poor prognosis. It develops in the smooth muscle. It is therefore a soft tissue sarcoma. This rare, slow growing tumor is serious because it is locally aggressive.

Uterine tumor in a female dog: symptoms

There are few symptoms in a female dog with a uterine tumor. The most that can be noted are:

• An increase in abdominal volume,
• Vulvar discharge that is not systematic:
• Either blood,
• Or pus.
• A loss of weight,
• Fatigue.

One must be very vigilant because the tumor can settle down in an almost asymptomatic way, the manifestations intervening only much later. If it is a cancerous tumor of the uterus, the female dog is seriously exposed if not treated. As with all types of cancer, the earlier the diagnosis, the greater the chance of a cure.

Uterine tumor in female dogs: treatment

Once the tumor has been diagnosed by the veterinarian, the only option is surgical intervention to remove the entire reproductive system. The female dog undergoes an ovariohysterectomy, which means the removal of the ovaries and the uterus.

In the case of cancer, and moreover if there are metastases, the animal must undergo radiotherapy (radiation) or chemotherapy (drugs) in order to stop their proliferation but also to destroy these cancerous cells.

The prognosis is quite favorable in the case of a benign tumor. For a malignant tumor, the prognosis is also favorable if the female dog has undergone an ovariohysterectomy, provided that there are no metastases.

Uterine tumors in female dogs are rare and should not be confused with uterine infections, which are much more frequent and often caused by hormones. In any case, having your female dog spayed as soon as possible is the best way to protect her health. It is also the best way to actively fight against dog overpopulation and considerably reduce the number of abandonments.

So that the sterilization of a dog or a female dog does not impact the budget of its owner, it is in his interest to subscribe a contract with a mutual health insurance company for pets. Depending on the formula chosen, he/she can be reimbursed for all or part of the expenses incurred, up to an annual reimbursement limit.

The Jack Russell Terrier, a lively and affectionate little dog

The Jack Russell Terrier owes its name to Pastor John Russell. Despite its small size, this dog is full of vitality, he needs to spend time. That's why he'll be happier in the country than in an urban area. Affectionate and intelligent, he appreciates children's games and family life.

Characteristics of the Jack Russell Terrier

Belonging to the Terrier group, the Jack Russell Terrier is intriguing because of its small size, ranging from 25 to 30 cm for both males and females. Its body is rather long than high and quite muscular with a broad chest and a drooping tail that should be at the same level as the ears if it is docked.

At the level of the head, the skull is of average width and becomes increasingly small until the muzzle. The stop is defined without being very accentuated. The ears are drooping and in buttons. They are of fawn color or white simply. The jack russell terrier has a short coat that is either hard, smooth or wiry. The coat has black spots or tan markings that are less accentuated.

History of the Jack Russell Terrier breed

The Jack Russell Terrier originated in England in 1880. It was born under the impulse of the pastor John Russell who was a great amateur of fox hunting. For this activity, he developed a breeding of hunting dogs. He selected the best breed of terriers, taking care to choose only the most skilful subjects for hunting. He wanted them to be small so that the dogs could slip into the burrows without difficulty. Several crosses were then made, in particular with other breeds of terriers with a variegated or single-colored coat. The breed was recognized in 1990 by the English Kennel Club, of which John Russell was one of the founders.

Living conditions and behavior of the Jack Russell Terrier

The Jack Russell Terrier is very popular with families looking for a pet. However, when adopting this breed, it is important to keep in mind that it is initially a very dynamic hunting dog that should preferably evolve in an environment with large spaces. The ideal would be to offer him a house with a garden, without which the owners will be obliged to walk him regularly every day so that he can spend his energy. Because of its vitality, this dog is not suitable for the elderly or those with a sedentary lifestyle. New owners will need to enjoy outdoor physical activities or walks in nature.

Jack Russell Terrier Diet and Major Health Concerns

One of the Jack Russell Terrier's greatest strengths is its hardiness. It does not develop diseases or health problems in particular except if it comes from a poorly controlled reproduction as inbreeding. It can nevertheless be prone to hyperactivity.

As for the food, it must be rich and balanced because the Jack Russell Terrier is a very active animal and needs a maximum of nutrients. It is possible to give him traditional home-made meals or premium kibbles once a day.