Renal failure in dogs: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention

There are two forms of renal failure in dogs. Whether it is acute or chronic, this pathology affects more particularly the older dog because of the aging of its organs. But it can also be due to a kidney infection that has not been treated, to recurrent urinary infections or to a serious disease such as cancer, lymphoma, diabetes... It is important to spot the symptoms of renal failure in order to consult a veterinarian as soon as possible so that the dog can benefit from an adapted treatment. But is it possible to prevent kidney failure in dogs?

Kidney failure in dogs: symptoms that should alert you

The manifestations of this disease depend on its form. In the case of acute renal failure, they appear suddenly, while those of chronic renal failure are insidiously established over a long period of time, which can sometimes last for years. By the time the symptoms appear, it is too late to save the animal. Kidney failure can be irreversible.

Symptoms of acute renal failure in dogs

Urinary obstruction, strong dehydration, bacterial infection, intoxication of the animal following the ingestion of a dangerous substance are the main causes of the acute form of the disease. It can also be caused by a heart problem, an important hemorrhage, a kidney injury, or a bacterial, viral or fungal infection. This form of kidney failure suddenly manifests itself as:

• Loss of appetite,
• Difficulty urinating,
• Diarrhea,
• Vomiting,
• Drowsiness (lethargy),
• Physical weakness,
• Disorientation,
• Poor coordination of movements.

These symptoms justify an emergency veterinary consultation because the animal's life is in danger.

Symptoms of chronic renal failure in dogs

The symptoms of the disease appear gradually. The chronic form of renal failure can be suspected if the dog presents several of the following manifestations.

• Intense thirst,
• Frequent urination, day and night,
• Bloody urine,
• Vomiting,
• One or more mouth ulcers,
• A bad breath,
• A muscular weakness,
• A loss of mobility,
• A stooped back position,
• A lack of balance,
• Water retention that leads to edema (swelling) in the legs and/or body,
• Retinal detachment,
• Bloodshot eyes,
• Seizures.

When these symptoms are noticed, it is necessary to consult the veterinarian, especially since certain manifestations suggest that chronic renal failure is already well established and that if a serious disease is the cause, it has begun to do serious damage.

Renal failure in dogs: diagnosis and treatment

After an auscultation, additional examinations are essential for the veterinarian to confirm his diagnosis. They are for example:

• A rectal examination,
• A blood pressure test,
• A urine analysis,
• A complete blood test,
• A search for Lyme disease or any other infectious disease,
• An imaging examination...

After having perfectly identified the form of the renal failure and its cause, a treatment is prescribed. The treatment protocol is therefore applied on a case-by-case basis. Everything must be done to avoid the destruction of the animal's kidneys. In addition to alleviating the symptoms, the treatment aims to limit the progression of the pathology.

Can renal failure in dogs be prevented?

Many of the causes of kidney failure can be prevented. The dog must be able to be active on a daily basis to be in good health and it is fundamental that he has access to his water bowl so that he is never dehydrated. It is also important to prevent all kinds of infections, to have him treated as soon as a urinary problem is suspected, and to give him a high quality diet, perfectly adapted to his needs. An excessive amount of meaty food is very harmful to your dog's health. A small annual depurative treatment to drain the body can be useful. Let's not forget that taking care of your dog's kidneys from an early age will prevent their destruction.

To do this, the owner must ensure that his little companion is under regular medical surveillance through periodic visits to the veterinarian. Of course, animal health is expensive, but this problem can be solved by simply taking out a contract with a mutual insurance company for dogs, which reimburses part or all of many expenses incurred by the pet owner.

The Italian Pointer, an energetic and intelligent dog

A good dose of gentleness, plenty of energy and a lot of intelligence. These are the characteristics attributed to the Italian Pointer. This animal, originally used for hunting, is also fully committed to its role as a pet.

Characteristics of the Italian Pointer

The Italian Pointer has nothing to envy to other dogs of its category. This pointing dog reveals vigor and a robust body that does not go unnoticed. The standard favors specimens with developed muscles, lean limbs and a well defined silhouette. The dog should measure between 55 and 67 cm and weigh between 25 and 40 kg. The head is angular and narrow, with a skull and muzzle of the same length. The stop is not too pronounced, unlike the occipital protuberance. The dog has a large nose ranging from pink to brown. It displays large eyes that give off softness despite their dark color. The ears are wide, large, not very erect and set back. The Braque Italien has a short and shiny coat. The coat is usually white with brown, orange or amber spots or flecks.

History of the Braque Italien breed

As its name indicates, this breed comes from Italy and is very old since its existence is mentioned in the Middle Ages. The Italian Pointer would be a descendant of the dog Oysel. Some say that it would have existed since the Greco-Latin period. It would have landed in France thanks to Catherine de Médicis who introduced it in the royal court. It will even be represented in pictorial works dating back to the Renaissance. Andrea Mantegna, Paul Saint-Jean and Gustave Courbet have sketched it on their paintings. Despite its rich history, the Italian Pointer is no longer as successful as it was when it was dethroned by the English Pointers.

Necessary living conditions and behavior of the Italian Pointer

The Italian Pointer has a number of qualities. In hunting activities, it is appreciated for its versatility since it can very well ensure the report as well as to make in the stop. At home, he brings joy to his family. This pet is intelligent, alert, lively and overflowing with affection for its owners. It is also gentle and loyal. Its balanced character makes its education relatively easy. It should not be rushed, but should benefit from a gentle learning process. As far as lifestyle is concerned, he would much prefer a life in the country in a house surrounded by a huge garden. However, if it is not possible to do otherwise than live in an apartment, he can potentially adapt if physical exercises are regular.

Diet and main problems of the Italian Shepherd Dog

Like many old and hardy breeds of dogs, the Italian Pointer is not prone to any particular disease. Specialists recommend only that you watch out for dermatological ailments. As far as feeding is concerned, it is recommended to give several meals in small quantities during the day to prevent digestive disorders, the most dreaded of which are stomach dilatation or torsion.

The English Foxhound, sometimes stubborn dog

We can consider him as the star of fox hunting. It has been used for two centuries for this activity. This does not prevent the English Foxhound from being a pleasant, friendly, docile and playful companion dog that can be stubborn from time to time.

>

Characteristics of the English Foxhound

A large hound, the English Foxhound is appreciated for its harmonious proportions and its power. Its athletic and balanced silhouette also gives it a touch of elegance. The dog measures on average between 58 and 64 cm and weighs about thirty kilos. It is recognized by a long and graceful neck that ends on a well-proportioned head. The skull is more or less wide and flat, with a slightly accentuated stop, a square and long muzzle and large nostrils, not to mention the powerful jaws. The English Foxhound has medium-sized eyes that give off a sparkling look. As for the ears, they are hanging and set high. The dog has a relatively dense short coat. The coat can display all sorts of colors and markings depending on the standard.

History of the English Foxhound breed

As its title suggests, this breed comes straight from Great Britain. It is old since one makes mention of it as of the XVIIIth century. The English Foxhound was born from a hybridization between the Fox Terrier and certain pack dogs. It specializes mainly in hunting foxes, but also deer or boars. This breed benefits from a perfectly traced genealogy thanks to the work done by the English Foxhound Association. All purebred dogs are registered in the Masters' stud book set up in 1800. In this way, the owners have the possibility of knowing the family tree of their animal.

Necessary living conditions and behavior of the English Foxhound

As a hunting dog, the English Foxhound is energetic, hardy and above all, fast. Because of all these qualities, its success in this task has never wavered in England where it constantly accompanies hunters. The English Foxhound can also be a perfect pet, as it is friendly, calm and affectionate. On the other hand, it does not like to be bored or to be left alone for too long. He needs to be constantly stimulated and as a hunting dog, physical exercise is a must. For the same reason, he cannot live in an apartment and must have a lot of space. A house with a garden will make him happy.

Food and main problems of the English Foxhound

The English Foxhound is a relatively solid dog. If he is involved in hunting activities, it will be enough to pay attention to accidents such as bites, fractures and gunshots. It is also advisable to watch for the appearance of deafness or a rare disease called renal amyloidosis. Finally, the risk of hip dysplasia cannot be ruled out. As for food, this is not a dog with a greedy nature. Its meals should simply cover its energy needs and contain all the necessary nutrients.

Dogs in the car: tips and best practices

If you have to transport your dog in a car, it is very important to take certain precautions so that the trip goes smoothly for the animal as well as for all the passengers in the vehicle. It is therefore recommended not to leave at the last minute, because a car trip with your dog cannot be improvised. It is better to know the good practices to follow in order to make any trip in the greatest serenity, on a daily basis or to go to your vacation spot. Between regulations and common sense, let's take stock.

Dogs in cars: what do the regulations say?

As far as the Highway Code is concerned, the regulations are very clear: transporting a dog in a car (or any other animal for that matter) must not constitute any danger for the driver. There is no obligation to tie up the dog during the trip, but what is important is that the driver can control the vehicle at all times. In order to do this, the dog must not, for any reason whatsoever, interfere with the driver's field of vision or movement, as stipulated in article R 412-6 of the Code.

Many people wonder if the obligation to wear a seatbelt applies to dogs. They are quite right to wonder about this. If it is compulsory to prevent your pet from disturbing the driving of the vehicle, it is only recommended to tie it up if you have not installed a barrier or a protective grid. Let's not forget that in case of impact or sudden braking, the unrestrained dog becomes a deadly projectile. Depending on the speed of the vehicle and the violence of the impact, the weight of the animal can be multiplied by 25! One can imagine the damage caused to the people in the front and back seat...

Wearing a seatbelt for dogs is not strictly mandatory. What is compulsory is to do everything possible to ensure that the animal does not represent a nuisance or a risk. The ideal is therefore to opt for a specific car device for dogs. It is either a safety harness or a safety leash and a collar, knowing that the harness is much safer than the leash because it holds the animal much better than a collar in case of an accident, an urgent braking or even a simple small shock. As an indication, a harness costs between 10 and 20 €.

It is necessary to take precautions, whether the animal is installed in the trunk of the vehicle or on the back seat, knowing that the front seats are forbidden. When tied up, the dog cannot hit the driver and/or passengers in case of a collision or sudden braking, nor can it bother the driver by deliberately moving from the back to the front of the car.

Note that if the dog travels in a carrier, it must be attached either in the trunk or in the back seat.

Dogs in the car: good practices

It is very useful to anticipate a car trip with your dog. We advise you to get your puppy used to behaving well during such a trip as soon as possible. For example, you can take him in the car for a visit to the vet and then extend the trip over time. The acclimatization is likely to go well under these conditions.

A car trip should be as pleasant as possible for everyone, including the dog. Therefore, it is important to remember to apply good practices for the comfort of all.

• Do not feed your dog within 3 hours of departure. Eating before leaving may simply cause vomiting during the trip.
• Consult your veterinarian before leaving so that he can prescribe a treatment against motion sickness, as many animals suffer from it.
• Always have at your disposal :
• Something to make your dog drink regularly,
• Kibbles to make your dog wait if the trip is long,
• An absorbent cloth or paper towels to clean the vehicle if the dog vomits or other.
• A toy and/or favorite stuffed animal.
• The dog should be given adequate ventilation during the entire trip.
• Take regular breaks - approximately every 2 hours - to allow the dog to:
• To drink so as not to become dehydrated,
• To relieve itself,
• To stretch.
• A heat stroke can cause the death of the dog in a few minutes, it is essential to maintain a cool temperature in the cabin, especially if the animal is transported in a cage.
• Never leave the dog alone in the car, especially in case of heat wave, leaving all the windows closed. By the way, Article 122-7 of the penal code authorizes any person to intervene in order to perform an act necessary to rescue an animal in these conditions.

In order not to forget anything, it can be useful to contact the veterinarian a few days before the departure. This professional will be able to advise the animal's owner on the best practices to adopt in order to travel safely with his dog in the car, and in the best conditions.

The dog's pads: what are their roles? How to take care of them and treat them?

The dog's footpads are very useful. But they are very sensitive areas, and widely exposed to injuries of all kinds. It is thus necessary to inspect them regularly and to look after them without delay as soon as one notices the least small boo-boo. We can also use some specific products to take care of them. Let's take stock of the situation.

Roles of the dog's pads

The dog's pads are elastic fibro-fatty tubers that fulfill two roles: insulating and cushioning. Thanks to them, the tips of the animal's paws are protected. In other words, if the master can protect his feet with a good pair of tennis shoes before going for a walk, the dog has his foot pads. That's how important they are for the animal! Dogs can walk and run on any kind of ground, hard or soft, stony, sandy, asphalt, wet, dry, cold or hot, which would be impossible without these very special external structures.

The more active the dog is, the thicker they become. Logically, they are thin and not very tan in puppies, but they will become tougher over time if they don't spend their time on the couch.

How to take care of the dog's pads?

Since puppies' pads are still very soft, it is important to get the young animal used to going out for longer and longer periods of time so that its fibro-fatty tubers harden. To go progressively is still the best way to take care of them since it limits the risks of injuries. But it is also necessary, throughout the life of the animal, to inspect its pads with the greatest regularity. This allows to verify that they are in good condition.

In addition to this inspection, the owner can use different solutions to take care of his dog's footpads as a preventive measure:

• Clean the footpads when returning from a winter hike in order to eliminate all residues of de-icing salt, which can seriously damage this area of the dog's body. The ideal is to use black soap which contains olive oil and potassium. Then rinse with clear water and dry the fibrous-greasy tubers and the interstices well.
• Moisturize the pads in all seasons. In winter it limits the risks of frostbite. Even in summer, you must not neglect their hydration because the strong heats support their drying.
• Massage them with a tanning lotion that strengthens the pads. This type of massage should be done regularly.
• Coat the fibrous-greasy tubers with a special balm to protect them against
• Salting of sidewalks and roads,
• cold,
• Heat,
• Irritation.
• Cut the hair that grows between the pads so that it does not interfere with the dog's running or walking.
• Buy boots specially designed for canines. This type of accessory helps protect the pads when they are particularly fragile.

For all the necessary care products for fibrofatty tubers, it is useful to ask your veterinarian for advice.

How to care for your dog's pads?

The risks of injuries and boo-boos at this level are numerous in dogs as soon as they go out frequently. They are exposed to the risks :

• Frostbite due to frozen ground,
• Burns when the dog walks on hot asphalt due to the scorching temperatures,
• Splinters, especially when walking in softwood forests,
• Cuts, if the animal walks on broken glass or on the sharp edge of a stone for example.

If a wound is found, it is important to act without delay. The procedure for treating a pad is as follows.

• Inspect the wound to assess its severity. If it is deep, it is best to take the dog to the veterinarian. If the wound is superficial, it can be treated at home.
• Clean the wound with clean water,
• Check that there are no foreign objects left in the wound. It could be a piece of glass, a splinter, a stone, a piece of plant debris... It should then be removed with great delicacy using tweezers or, much better, with 3% peroxide. It is a pressurized hydrogen peroxide which, by foaming, lifts the foreign bodies, which facilitates their removal. Peroxide has the added benefit of stopping bleeding.
• Ask your veterinarian for a surgical glue that is ideal for shallow wounds. This product promotes healing of the pads.

Alcohol is forbidden because in contact with a wound it causes suffering to the animal as well as an increase in bleeding. On the other hand, a local antiseptic such as Mercryl or an iodine solution can be used to disinfect an injured pad. Loosely bandaging the dog's foot is useful to prevent the animal from licking itself, but the bandage must be removed after a few hours, unless the veterinarian orders otherwise.

You should always have a moisturizing cream on hand, but also a healing cream. By having the appropriate products on hand, the owner can effectively care for his pet and allow him to quickly resume his favorite walks. At the same time, when you have a garden, you can prevent injuries to the fibrous tubers by regularly cleaning your pet's natural area. It is enough to remove everything that is likely to hurt your dog (thorns, pieces of glass, sharp objects or stones).

Teaching your children to respect dogs: our advice

The presence of a dog in the family brings many benefits, both physical (long walks in perspective!) and psychological. Studies have shown that a dog facilitates contact and interaction with others. Loyal and joyful in all circumstances, the animal devotes to its little master an unconditional and non-judgmental attachment: bad grades at school and other childish nonsense will remain a secret between them. However, a moment of inattention and the accident occurs. It is important to know that most bites on children are caused by the family dog in whom the parents have total confidence. How to create a harmonious relationship while respecting the well-being and needs of your four-legged friend? Our recommendations.

Teach respect between child and dog

If you plan to welcome a dog into your family, education should be a two-way street to ensure a peaceful cohabitation. As soon as your child is old enough to understand, it will be essential to explain to him that the dog is a living and sensitive being, that he must be treated with care and respect. That rules of behavior must be applied in his presence. To make your child more responsible, suggest that he brush the dog and accompany you on walks. He will feel valued and involved.

Supervise the child and the dog at all times

This is the golden rule: never leave a baby or young child alone with a dog. Our toddlers do not yet have good control over their movements and cries, and can involuntarily send contradictory messages to the animal. Faced with gestures that he does not understand, the dog may respond with an inappropriate reaction, without any intention to harm. In the same way, it is recommended not to allow the dog to sleep in his little friend's room or in his bed.

Maintaining authority over the dog

Keep in mind that you are the master. It is futile to think that your child will be able to get the dog to obey you, no matter how docile he is. Don't expect your fur ball to submit to puppies that he considers more like playmates. As a reference, it is up to you to guide your dog when he comes into contact with others, whether at home or outside.

Ask permission before petting a dog

Don't touch a dog without asking its opinion! This recommendation is valid for the family dog as well as for a stranger. When outside, make sure that the owner knows that it is possible to pet the dog. If necessary, ask the doggie for permission. How do you do this? By holding your hand in front of his nose without touching him. If he comes forward and sniffs the hand, the green light is given. If he turns his head away to avoid contact, it's best to ignore him and move on.

Petting the dog the right way

A touching look, soft ears, a mischievous muzzle... We want to pet a dog's head but for some, this gesture is not pleasant and can generate an aggressive reaction. To get in touch gradually, it is recommended to start petting on the flank or neck. Another basic rule is not to approach the dog's mouth and stare into its eyes, as this may make the animal feel attacked and retaliate.

Let the dog sleep

The dog's basket should be considered as a forbidden area. It is a place of rest and tranquility that must be respected. An intrusion into his comfortable refuge could disturb him and make him growl. If you want to pamper him, it's best to call him to come to you.

Staying away from your dog's food bowl

Just as with his sleeping area, his meal should be respected. When he eats, leave him in peace. Food is an important resource and a great pleasure for the dog, and he will want to protect it if approached. Make sure that he does not feel threatened by a theft of kibble!

Playing with the dog without aggressing him

What a privileged moment to witness a joyful game between the child and his dog... But be careful, it is imperative to refuse that the animal be considered as a toy that you manipulate as you please. If the dog is often willing to have fun, it can also - like us humans - feel the need to rest because it is tired or sick. During interactions, if he wants to go, let him. Is it useful to add that nipping him, pulling his hair, tail or ears, hitting him, yelling at him are acts to be prohibited?

The Landseer, a dog not to be confused with the Newfoundland

The Landseer is often confused with the Newfoundland. And for good reason, these two cousins are very similar. Except that the Landseer is much less well known although it is just as affectionate and sociable.

Characteristics of the Landseer

Of molossoid type, the Landseer is a dog of imposing size. A female can easily measure between 67 and 72 cm while a male peaks between 72 and 80 cm. The weight of the dog is between 50 and 70 kg. The Landseer shares with the Newfoundland this look of big massive teddy bear with harmonious forms. The head is not very different from the rest of the body. It remains massive without being heavy. Displaying a beautiful expression of nobility, it has a broad skull, a visible stop and a large black nose. The head is devoid of folds. The eyes are neither too big nor too small, just enough to give balance to the Landseer's face. His soft and friendly look makes many people fall in love with him. His ears are triangular and of medium size. And as for the coat, it is long, smooth and dense. The coat is white with black markings.

History of the Landseer breed

The Landseer is said to be a descendant of the Newfoundland. But in truth, it is rather the opposite, because the race would be much older and rustic. The breed originated in Great Britain and is also growing in Norway. The Landseer almost became extinct after the Great War. Fortunately, in the Netherlands, Germany and Switzerland, breeders became interested in the breed and re-launched breeding programs in the 20th century. In France, its success is made towards the years 1990. On the other hand, in countries such as Canada or the United States, the Landseer is little known. Worse, it is not considered a breed in its own right. However, this dog was officially recognized by the FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) in 1960.

Necessary living conditions and behavior of the Landseer

The Landseer will never say "no" to a play session or cuddle. It is a perfect pet that brings joy to its family. He is sociable, affectionate, calm and loves children. On the other hand, it can have a temper from time to time, which can complicate its education. However, we must not neglect this aspect, because a dog of 70 kg that jumps on us may create an unmanageable situation. The Landseer is also very comfortable in the water, which is why it will flourish living near a lake or the sea.

Feeding and main problems of the Landseer

Its large size exposes the Landseer to certain diseases such as hip dysplasia or stomach dilatation. It can also be subject to a heart malformation called aortic stenosis. In addition, it is advisable to watch for eyelid disorders such as ectropion and entropion as well as bladder stones.

The Tosa or Japanese Mastiff, a very impressive dog

Also known as the Japanese Mastiff, the Tosa is a former fighting dog that has been converted to defense and guarding. In France, it is considered an outlaw despite itself, because it is not registered in the genealogical books. In truth, however, it is a pleasant and patient dog that only asks to be loved.

Characteristics of the Tosa

The Tosa impresses with its robust construction and imposing size. It can be considered as a giant with its 70 or 80 cm and a weight of 60 to 90 kg depending on its sex and age. This physique does not take away from its elegance, which is present in its lines as well as in its behavior. The Tosa is recognizable by its large head with a very pronounced stop, a black nose, powerful jaws and a straight muzzle. The massiveness of its head contrasts with its small eyes giving off a dark brown color. The same goes for the ears which are relatively thin and small. They are set high on the head. The Tosa has a short but dense coat. The hairs are rough to the touch. The coat comes in several colors: red, apricot, fawn, brindle or black. The feet and the chest can present white parts.

History of the Tosa breed

The Tosa appeared in the south of Japan, more precisely on the island of Shikoku. In the country, the fights are a tradition which dates from the XIVth century. Enthusiasts wanted to obtain dogs capable of excelling in this activity and started crossing local breeds with those imported from Europe such as the Great Dane, the Mastiff, the Bulldog, the German Pointer, the Bull Terrier or the Saint Bernard. On April 1, 1964, the official recognition of the Tosa by the FCI was effective. In France more particularly, the breed is included in the category of "dangerous" dogs. If it has a pedigree, it is classified in category II, but without pedigree, it is relegated to category 1. It is therefore crucial to obtain all the necessary information before adopting a dog.

Necessary living conditions and behavior of the Tosa

One of the advantages attributed to the Tosa is that it is rather easy to live with. Unlike hunting dogs, it has a moderate need for spending, perfect for owners who are not very athletic. Be careful to choose the right dog sports, because being a category dog, it is not allowed to practice the ring or the sport biting. Its other asset? He can live in an apartment. He can live with children, but very strict rules must be put in place. The animal is not always aware of its size and can hurt the little one. Besides, the Tosa is patient, friendly, discreet and social. It tolerates solitude if it is busy and does not bark much.

Diet and main problems of the Tosa

The Tosa does not develop any specific health problems. But as with all large dogs, the risks of stomach distortion are to be monitored. As for the diet, it remains classic. Excesses should be avoided in order to avoid being overweight.

12 sports activities you can do with your dog

Would you like to share some sporting moments with your dog? It all depends on your dog: is he athletic or a slob? Is he in good health or does he suffer from some disorders? Your dog can't follow you anywhere and in any sport activity without precaution. Here is a list of the 12 sports activities that you can do with your dog and some tips to help you organize them.

Hiking and running

Whether walking or running (you'll find the term cani-cross), your dog accompanies you and you are connected to each other by something other than a leash that you hold in your hand. For these activities, you need to put a harness on the dog, you need a harness and an elastic lanyard of about 2 meters to connect you to the dog.

Hiking is a sporting activity that goes beyond a simple walk. It involves several hours of walking, sometimes over several days, with possible elevation changes. You need to make sure that your dog can handle the distance you want to walk.

The point of walking or running with your dog is to find the pace that suits you and your pet. You form a real tandem and if a very fit animal can help motivate his master and help him to exceed his limits, the master will not be able to force an animal to provide too much effort at the risk of injuring him. The idea is to find a comfortable pace, especially for the dog.

When choosing your itinerary, remember that dogs are not allowed in national parks, some regional parks and nature reserves. Also, make sure the place you might be stopping at is dog-friendly.

If you are taking your dog on a snowshoeing trip in the mountains, it is important to give him enough to drink so that he is not tempted to ingest snow. This could cause diarrhea and/or vomiting, and even pain. Like you, your dog may need time to adapt to mountain conditions: low temperatures, altitude, snowy and icy surfaces. Many dogs enjoy this environment and will likely have a lot of fun. During your stay, you can compensate for his extra energy expenditure by increasing his daily food intake by 20-30%.

Canyoning (water hiking)

For any activity involving water, it is preferable that the dog be equipped with a dog life jacket. It goes without saying that your dog must be a strong, water-loving, good swimmer. If your dog is too old or sick, forget about going through the cold and turbulent waters of the river together.

You will be careful to select a "beginner" canyon where the obstacles can be passed smoothly. You don't want your dog to jump or slip in the difficult passages. In any case, talk to the guide to be sure that the activity is feasible for your dog.

Skateboarding, skating on roads or snow, cross-country skiing

In all these disciplines, the dog is the motor by traction. But whether it's on the road, where you ride behind your dog, or on snowy terrain, where you slide behind him, you don't let yourself be completely pulled and participate in the efforts necessary to move forward.

You don't have to be new to these sports. For example, in cross-country skiing, you are connected to the dog by a bungee cord and the dog runs in front, just like hiking and running. But you can quickly pick up speed. The dog must have stamina and you must have enough control of your skis not to hurt your dog.

Mountain biking and fat biking

To ride a bike with your dog, either the dog is attached to the front of the bike, in traction mode, or it is attached to the side. The equipment must be adapted so that the elastic lanyard does not wrap around the front wheel. You need a straight or curved mountain bike bar, depending on the attachment option you choose. Don't hesitate to ask for advice from specialists or people who already practice this sport with their animal.

Learning basic commands such as "turn left", "turn right", "stop", "go forward", etc.) is also necessary for a good progress of the practice.

The fatbike is a mountain bike but with extra-wide tires, limiting the sinking in sand, snow and particularly muddy grounds. The fatbike allows you to go to places inaccessible to simple mountain bikes. This opens up new routes. The fatbike can even be used with two dogs. Stay alert and don't put your pet in danger!

Canoeing and paddle boarding

These water rides can be relaxing for your dog who is content to stay by your side.

The precautions to take for these activities are the same as for canyoning discussed above. It is also necessary to familiarize your dog with the boat. Take the time to show him the board or canoe on land, let him sniff it and climb on or in it. Dogs don't like hard plastics that slide under their paws, so you can reassure your dog and improve his comfort by placing a towel where he will land.

You can then familiarize your dog with the paddle or the canoe in the water, in a place where the dog has a foot, by making him go up, down, jump... If he is at ease, then you can try the experience. If he is not, you should not force him. He would try to get down, which could put himself in danger and spoil your walk.

Paragliding

It is possible to paraglide with your dog. The dog is equipped with a harness, and depending on the altitude and the temperature you may encounter, a winter coat may be useful to protect your dog from a cold snap.

It is recommended to practice with a paragliding instructor who has already flown with dogs. A stressed dog develops behaviors such as turning away from petting, licking his lips quickly, yawning. Know how to identify these behavioral cues so that you don't impose anything on him.

Riding a horse

Dogs and horses are often in close proximity. It seems obvious that large dogs will be more comfortable than small ones. The best thing is to adapt a dog to horses from a young age. Young dogs are certainly fearful but also curious, which can help them overcome their fear. It is possible to have a dog and a horse that are both adults. The adaptation will simply take a little more time.

How do I know if my dog has a sprain?

Seeing your dog come back from an outing with a limp is cause for concern. The dog seems to be in pain and the leg is swollen at a joint. This could be a sprain. It is important to know how to identify the main symptoms in order to give first aid to your little companion to relieve him while waiting to consult the veterinarian. It is better not to wait because an X-ray may be necessary.

Sprains in dogs: symptoms

When a dog suffers from a sprain, he tends to :

• Whimper while trying to lean on the affected leg,
• Avoid putting his injured paw down, so he keeps it raised by bringing it under his body,
• Lick where it hurts.

Careful observation of the painful paw usually reveals:

• A swelling at a joint,
• This is why you should not touch a paw if you suspect a sprain, because the gentlest of dogs can bite severely.

Sprain in dogs: first aid before consulting a veterinarian

While waiting for the veterinarian to examine the dog suffering from a sprain, it is essential to :

• Absolutely put the dog to rest, in a quiet place, a little away from the comings and goings to avoid unnecessary stress,
• Relieve the pain by placing an ice pack on the affected area,
• Deflate the swelling:
• Either with an ice pack,
• Or with homeopathic granules (in this case 3 granules of Arnica montana 9 CH every 60 minutes).

If you do not have an ice pack, you can put ice cubes in a plastic bag and cover it with a towel. Ice cubes should never be placed directly on the dog's leg.

If the sprain is mild, the symptoms should subside fairly quickly. This does not exempt you from consulting the veterinarian during the day. It is very important to make sure that the damage is not more serious than it appears. The owner may fear a more serious sprain if the swelling gets worse and the dog is in a lot of pain.

What can cause a sprain in a dog?

A sprain can affect a dog's hind or front leg, regardless of age, weight or health status. It can be caused by:

• Trauma, i.e. a direct shock,
• A muscular stretch,
• Ligament stretching,
• Stretching of a tendon.

The dog may have bumped or landed badly after jumping a fence. Just as the owner may twist an ankle, the dog may twist a leg while frolicking in the yard.

Sprains in dogs: treatment

It is necessary to consult the veterinarian so that the dog can be treated properly and quickly. To reach the clinic or the office, it is necessary to avoid walking the animal at all costs in order not to aggravate the injury or the pain. If it is a small dog, it is easy to transport it by taking it in your arms or by carrying it in a basket or crate. For a dog weighing more than 50 kg, it is better to get help. The animal can be placed on a blanket or stretcher to make it easier to move.

The veterinarian may want to take an x-ray to make sure the sprain is mild or to make sure there is no bone breakage. Depending on the diagnosis, it may be decided to operate on the animal.

It is possible that osteoarthritis may cause symptoms similar to those of a sprain. This condition is common, affecting nearly 7 out of 10 dogs over the age of 7. It also requires treatment. Therefore, one should not play the sorcerer's apprentice when his dog starts to limp. It is necessary to consult so that the problem can be identified as soon as possible.

How to protect my dog from the cold in winter?

Not all dogs are equal when it comes to winter cold. Some can handle low temperatures quite well while others shiver as soon as the mercury drops below 5°C. You have to take care of your little friend and that includes protecting him from the cold. Here are the best ways to keep your dog warm in winter.

Which dogs suffer the most from the cold?

As a general rule, the dogs that are likely to suffer from the cold as soon as it sets in are :

• Older dogs,
• Sick dogs,
• Puppies,
• Dogs that are rather long-haired,
• Dogs with fine or short hair,
• Hairless dogs (naked dogs),
• Sedentary dogs that rarely leave the sofa and the overheated apartment.

Protecting your dog in winter when he lives in a kennel

Not all dogs live in their owner's house or apartment. Many dogs have their own place to live: the doghouse. As soon as the temperature drops, it is essential to do everything possible to keep your dog warm. Since the kennel is installed outside, it is very exposed to rain, hail, snow and frost, as well as to freezing winds. Even in winter, this dog house must be comfortable.

Therefore, it is advisable to insulate it with a wooden or PVC protection, but also to place an insulating plate on the floor inside the kennel in order to avoid the rising damp. In addition, its entrance should not be facing the wind. It may be useful to move the kennel if you notice that the dog is very exposed to draughts when it is inside its house.

Finally, the roof of the kennel must be checked for damage, as it is the main protection against rain. At the slightest defect, we repair it!

Taking a cold dog out in winter: precautions to take

Every owner must know the sensitive points of his little companion to be able to take him out even when it is cold so that the walk does not turn into a nightmare for his dog. In any case, you should never give up on taking your dog out, even if he can't stand low temperatures, because getting some fresh air is essential for both the dog and his owner.

Ideally, if there is a big difference in temperature between the house and the outside, it may be wise to leave the dog in the basement or the garage for about 30 minutes before a walk in order to limit thermal shocks.

Dogs that are more vulnerable to the cold can be protected with canine clothing that can be found in specialty stores and pet shops. The ideal is to offer your little companion a coat that insulates from the cold and protects against rain and snow. With this type of accessory, the dog's body temperature is maintained for a good while, allowing him to enjoy his walk without shivering too much.

Protecting your dog's paw pads in winter

You should also consider protecting your dog's paw pads when he goes outside when the ground is icy or covered with snow. Although resistant, the paws are sensitive to the cold. They can suffer from painful frostbite because they are in direct contact with the ground.

They can be insulated with boots specially designed for dogs, or at least by coating them with a special cream before the walk. By forming a film on the pads, this cream also protects against the sand and salt that are used to make roads less slippery.

Encouraging your dog to exercise

Dogs are like people: the more they move in cold weather, the less cold they feel. It is therefore essential to get your dog out for a daily walk in winter, especially since physical activity is essential to keep your dog healthy and prevent it from becoming overweight. At most, you can shorten the walk, but never cancel it.

Protecting your dog from the cold: choosing the right food

Cold weather increases energy consumption. You must therefore adapt your dog's diet to the season. Feeding your dog well will help it to be less cold. This does not mean that you should increase the daily ration, because if your dog does not go out much, and therefore does not exercise much, he may become obese. On the other hand, it is necessary to modify the nutrient intake. Its diet can be enriched with good fat but especially with vitamins and proteins.

In order not to make any mistakes, it is strongly recommended to consult your veterinarian at the beginning of winter so that he can advise you on the best diet for your dog. It is imperative to take into account the age of the animal, its sex, its weight, its build, but also its lifestyle and its health.

The Picardy Spaniel, calm and composed dog

The Picardy Spaniel is a breed of dog from Picardy in France. Thanks to its smooth coat, the dog is not afraid of bad weather. This earned him the favor of the French nobility who could use him for hunting, whatever the weather conditions. It is one of the oldest breeds of spaniel in France, along with the blue spaniel of Picardy.

Characteristics of the Picardy Spaniel

The Picardy Spaniel is a calm and composed dog. It presents itself as tender and affectionate, but also as a muscular and robust dog. Generally, its size varies between 50 and 60 cm for a weight of approximately 20 kg. The animal has a thick and silky coat. The hair is fine on the head and wavy on the rest of the body. Its coat is gray and is strewn with brown patches. The oval of its face is marked by the length of its muzzle. The animal has a rather expressive look thanks to its big amber colored eyes well opened. His ears falling on both sides of his head frame his face well. The Picardy Spaniel has a life expectancy of about fifteen years.

History of the Picardy Spaniel breed

Spaniels originating from France are the oldest hunting dogs in the world. The Picardy Spaniel is said to be a cross between the Spaniel and the Oysel Dog. Because of its physical characteristics and its character, it was favored by the French nobility. The breed was particularly efficient in duck hunting. It could brave the marshes to retrieve its prey since it is not afraid of water. However, with the arrival of English hunting dogs at the beginning of the 20th century, it was gradually abandoned. Becoming rare because of this, the breed did not develop outside France.

Living conditions and behavior of the Picardy Spaniel

The countryside is the ideal place for the Picardy Spaniel to live and nothing would please him more than to accompany his master on a hunting trip. If you are tempted to adopt a Picardy Spaniel, he will adapt perfectly to life in an apartment. However, make sure that he is stimulated physically and mentally. In order to fulfill its needs, it is necessary to find an activity that is both physical and instructive. It is the perfect pet for a family with children. Easy to live with, he is calm and very obedient. It does not bark much and it does not like to destroy. He can also be playful and affectionate towards his owners. He appreciates the time spent with them, but he will have no problem being alone during the day if he has been used to it since he was young.

Diet and health of the Picardy Spaniel

The Picardy Spaniel is a great greedy dog, that's why it's easy to educate him by promising him a treat for each good behavior. But to preserve his health, you must observe a balanced diet. It is important not to exceed the appropriate daily ration because he tends to gain weight quickly. On the other hand, it is necessary to allow him to exercise well in order to avoid overweight. The Picardy Spaniel is generally in good health. It is not too sensitive to cold or heat. However, physical activities must be limited in summer. Apart from the risk of ear infections, the breed does not have any particular pathologies.

The Sloughi or Arabian Greyhound, a large dog with an athletic body

The Sloughi, better known as the Arabian Sighthound, is a sighthound from North Africa. It is characterized by its large size and athletic body, but also by its elegance worthy of a purebred dog. It is traditionally used for hunting, but it is also a very tender pet.

Characteristics of the Sloughi

The Arabian Greyhound is a large dog, sometimes reaching 72 cm in size when adult. Its weight varies between 30 and 32 kg. It has a short coat and a slightly accentuated bone structure. Its head is relatively massive compared to the rest of its body and its eyes large and dark. The Sloughi can wear several coats. It is often of sandy color, or brindle and it is possible that he wears a mask or a black saddle. It is recognizable by the thinness of its tail which is carried below the dorsal line. Energetic and enduring, it is excellent at running. This allows him to easily catch his prey.

History of the Sloughi breed

Present for thousands of years in Morocco, the breed was probably developed in this country. However, the name Sloughi is of Tunisian origin. In the past, it was used by Moroccans to hunt hares, but also gazelles. It is only in the half of the XVIIth century that the species arrived in Europe where it acquires a real status of luxury dog. Its use in hunting gradually disappeared as it became sacred in the eyes of Moroccans.

Living conditions and behavior of the Arabian Hound

Like many other breeds, the Sloughi is made for an outdoor life. So if you live in a farmhouse or a house with a large garden, you'll be able to make him happy. However, he is not against living in an apartment as long as he can get enough exercise during the day. To satisfy his need to run, the practice of canicross is beneficial for him. It is also possible to enroll him in a club to practice Sightseeing Pursuit on Lure. The Sloughi is a very easy-going animal. With its calm and composed nature, it is not likely to cause you problems with the neighborhood. And if it has been well socialized, it will have no trouble adapting to a new environment. Moreover, the absence of his masters, even for a long time, does not bother him that much. In the presence of strangers, the Arabian greyhound adopts an unwelcoming behavior without being aggressive. Thus, it is not his ferocity that impresses intruders, but his size.

Nutrition and health of the Arabian Sighthound

The Sloughi should be fed with lean meat, carbohydrates and green vegetables. The proper daily ration depends on its age, activity and weight. Although they are introverted by nature, Arabian Greyhounds have a strong character. His hunting instinct can take over at any time, causing him to put aside his meal to follow a trail. It is also difficult to coax him with treats to teach him to behave. On the health side, he does not suffer from any particular pathology. It is just necessary to prevent him from running after the meal so that he does not have the stomach turned.

My dog destroys everything in the house: why? How to react ?

No matter how much you love your dog, when he destroys everything he finds in the house, your exasperation is at its peak. It is however useless to punish him because he would not understand the reason. On the other hand, the owner of a destructive dog must imperatively identify the cause of this behavior and find the appropriate solution so that the ransacking stops. You should not hesitate to contact a dog trainer or consult a veterinary behaviorist.

Why does a dog destroy everything in the house?

This type of behavior is common in puppies and young dogs, sometimes up to the age of 12 months. That's a long time! Everything possible should be done to remedy it before then.

A puppy may chew on anything he finds because he is annoyed by a sore gum. Ransacking everything is also a way to discover his environment. Finally, some dogs are destructive every time they play... They don't hesitate to destroy their master's slippers, the curtains or the sofa in the living room, the comforter cover in the children's bedroom or the wallpaper in the hallway... when they don't attack the solid oak steps of the staircase.

Even less acceptable, this attitude can also be characteristic of an adult dog whose owners are anxious to come back from the office to find their home totally devastated by this four-legged tornado... It's too much, and it's quite frequent that the owners of such dogs wish to entrust their animal to another foster family. Before reaching this extreme, it is important to understand the reason for this type of behavior.

A female dog can destroy everything in the house due to

The arrival of a child in the foster home

The dog may feel neglected because its owners have less time for it, as they are (quite naturally) preoccupied with their baby. In order for the dog to find his place, it is essential to pay attention to him in the presence of the child and not only when the baby is sleeping. If his owners find the right balance, the dog will not be jealous but will be protective towards the little man and should stop destroying everything in the house.

A move

If a female dog arrives in a new house, he might not like it and will destroy everything as soon as his owners turn their backs. It is therefore necessary to anticipate.

When the move is planned and the date is fixed, it is essential to prepare the dog for this change of living space. For example, you can go with him to the new home as soon as you have the keys, to show him around and take him for a long walk in the area. It is very important that the dog has time to get to know the new house in which he will live or the new apartment, his future neighborhood where he can start to smell many unknown odors.

It is advisable to install in the new home - before moving in - a toy that the dog is used to sleeping with or a blanket that carries its scent. This will make it easier for him to find his place in the new home.

On moving day, it may be best to leave the dog with friends so that he doesn't get in the way of the moving crew or be disturbed by all the commotion.

The arrival of a new pet

The dog may not be able to handle the arrival of a fellow dog or another pet in its new home. Jealousy, distrust, anxiety, fear are possible feelings. The dog may also no longer fit into this new "family" configuration.

At the beginning, each animal can be placed in a different room where an object belonging to the other animal is placed. They are taken out in turn and gently introduced to each other until the dog seems to feel comfortable and accepts the newcomer. Each day, the owner must spend time alone with the dog so that the dog does not feel left out since the arrival of a second pet.

A severe behavioral disorder

This is one of the reasons why a dog is particularly destructive in the home. This problem can be found in dogs that have suffered trauma, have been adopted by successive families, have been abused, or in dogs that suffer from loneliness or boredom.

The dog is an animal that needs daily activity and a social life. If he is confined indoors from morning to night, and alone to boot, this type of attitude is not surprising. He must be able to interact with another animal or with his master through games or walks to share.

If you can't explain the origin of a behavioral problem, it is essential to talk to a veterinary behaviorist and/or to contact a professional dog trainer, i.e. one who has undergone real training to educate and socialize this type of dog.

Destructive dog: adopt the right attitude

In any case, the owner of a dog that destroys everything in the house must be patient and consider all the possibilities for socializing his little friend. It is useful to make sure that the dog is not aggressive.

This type of dog should not be left alone with a child, and care should be taken to spend a lot of time with him to try to modify his behavior with tact and consistency. Through play or Agility courses, it is possible to channel the animal's energy. If he spends a lot of time each day, we can see an improvement after a while. In any case, even if this type of dog, especially in adulthood, is difficult to control, its owner should not give up and should always respect his animal.

How to know the list of beaches allowed or forbidden to dogs?

The beach is a perfect playground for your dog. The environment lends itself as much to frantic running, as to letting off steam by digging holes in the sand, as to swimming and why not other nautical activities. But few beaches allow dogs. How do you find the list of those where your dog can romp without worry?

Find a list of dog-friendly beaches

Finding a list of dog-friendly beaches on the Internet is easy. However, you will have to cross-check the data collected because not all lists are necessarily up to date, especially since dog access to beaches may be limited by municipal by-laws, either temporarily or permanently.

In addition, what is posted as a dog-friendly beach may only be accessible at certain times, depending on the tide, or at certain times of the year. Some cities restrict access to portions of the beach. Finally, access to the beach may be conditional on the dog being kept on a leash and limited to the sandy area, without the possibility of swimming.

If you don't have Internet access or if you want to make sure that you comply with the law, the safest thing to do is to call the Tourist Office, the Town Hall or the Municipal Police of the place where you want to go.

Why are the beaches closed to dogs?

Many dog owners are negligent and do not pick up after their dogs. In addition to the inconvenience caused to beach-goers, the quality of the bathing water could be at stake, with closures of the bathing area as a result, dealing a major blow to the image of the municipality concerned. Elected officials are therefore not taking any risks and it is simpler and less costly to ban dogs from the beaches.

Moreover, depending on your dog's education, it may be difficult for him to adopt a calm behavior in front of all the solicitations such as balls, children running, birds, etc., and he may bother your neighbors by his agitation and repeated barking.

The banning of dogs is often resented by local residents and these decisions are discussed on the basis of the argument that dogs are not the only ones to dirty the beaches. In any case, if you do not respect the ban on animals on the beach, you risk a fine of 11 euros. But above all, bring bags to pick up your dog's excrement because in case of non collection of excrement, the fine can reach several hundred euros.

Ensure the safety of your dog

Even if dogs are allowed on the beach, it is your responsibility to ensure their safety.

This starts with making sure your dog can swim and is comfortable in the water. All dogs are instinctively good swimmers, but some body types are better suited to swimming than others. For some breeds, swimming is difficult and therefore quickly tiring. A specially designed life jacket or flotation device will provide comfort and safety for your pet during extended play time in the water, especially if there are waves or currents, or if you want to take your dog canoeing or paddling. Keep in mind that you should never force your dog to go into the water, because if he is shocked or panicked, he may drown.

In case of hot weather and prolonged stay at the beach, you must be able to provide shade and coolness at all times to avoid heat stroke.

The ingestion of a large quantity of salt can disrupt his intestinal transit and cause diarrhea and / or vomiting. It is essential to forbid your female dog to drink sea water. To do so, he must have a bowl of fresh water so that he can quench his thirst at will. Do not let him eat shellfish either, as he will swallow the shells and will not know the difference between a fresh and a decomposing shellfish.

If jellyfish are present, it is best that the dog does not swim. All dogs do not react in the same way to stings, so if your dog is stung (by contact while swimming or by trying to ingest a stranded jellyfish), his stay on the beach will be shortened because you will have to take him to the veterinarian without delay. Sea urchins also represent a significant danger because stings will easily stick in his pads, also implying a quick visit to the vet because the wound can quickly become infected and create an abscess.

After the beach, it is mandatory to rinse your dog thoroughly with clean water. Sea water dries and irritates your dog's skin (as well as yours). Pay special attention to rinsing the eyes and ears where grains of sand have lodged. A complementary cleaning of the eyes with physiological serum will avoid conjunctivitis and the drying of the ears will avoid an otitis.

The Italian Volpino, small dog

The Italian Volpino is a small dog from Italy. It is a member of the Spitz family of dogs. It can be used as a guard dog, but it is also perfect as a pet.

Characteristics of the Italian Volpino

The Italian Volpino has a rather balanced silhouette. The length of its trunk is about equal to the height of its withers. Its coat is very dense and stiff. Its coat can be entirely white, red or champagne and covers its entire body. Its V-shaped ears are short, but stand proudly above its head. His eyes are round, ochre colored and his eyelids are black, a feature that adds a touch of vivacity to his expression. Small size, it does not make more than 30 cm, and 28 cm for the female. As for its weight, it turns around 5 kg. Enjoying a good longevity, the Italian Volpino is likely to live more than 15 years.

History of the Italian Volpino breed

The origin of the breed goes back a long way. Findings have shown that it was already living alongside humans in the Bronze Age. While it is commonly believed that the Italian Volpino is descended from the German Spitz, they are actually cousins. The breed has lived for centuries among the Italian people and aristocrats, where the animal served as a guard dog. Very effective in this role, it is capable of creating fear just by barking. Adored by the Italians, the Volpino was even for a time, the favorite pet of Michelangelo. At one point, overshadowed by the German Spitz, the breed almost disappeared. It owes its survival only to the passion of Italian breeders. Today there is no longer any risk that the breed will disappear, only that it is not as successful outside of Italy.

Living conditions and behavior of the Italian Volpino

The Volpino has been bred to live outdoors and if possible in a large space. However, this does not prevent him from being able to adapt to life in an apartment. However, his barking may disturb your neighbors. Contrary to other breeds, the Volpino can handle solitude quite well. However, it is not recommended to leave him in a closed area for a long time. He needs to be distracted with games or companions to feel comfortable. Otherwise, you will witness his destructive side. He is nevertheless very obedient when he has been well educated. In order to channel his great energy, he must have the opportunity to go for a walk or to practice physical activities.

Nutrition and health of the Italian Volpino

The Volpino often does not have a big appetite. It is even difficult to feed it sometimes. It is therefore necessary to vary its food regularly to stimulate its interest in food. He sometimes shows interest in foods that are not good for him, like chocolate. But this is not a reason to give him chocolate. The dog can stand the cold very well, but its fur can quickly become a nuisance during periods of high heat. No serious pathology is likely to affect him. However, be aware of possible luxations of the lens. Apart from that, it is a resistant animal with a good longevity. Even if its care should not cost you too much, it is still important to have a good health insurance.

The Tibetan Terrier, a dog with no aggression

As its name suggests, the Tibetan Terrier is a breed originating from Tibet. Medium-sized with a long coat, the dog is appreciated for its lack of aggressiveness. Intelligent and energetic, it is used as a shepherd dog in its country of origin.

Characteristics of the Tibetan Terrier

Compared to ordinary sheepdogs, the Tibetan Terrier is much smaller in size. It measures between 35 and 40 cm for a weight around 12 kg. This is why it is mostly adopted as a pet in Europe. It is only in its country of origin, Tibet, that it is used as a sheepdog. Although it is small in size, it is nevertheless very robust, with a muscular and powerful body. Its coat is extremely abundant and covers its entire body. In terms of color, it often wears a white or gray coat, but it is also possible that it has three different colors. In this case, we can detect a little black, and golden. It has a massive head and a short muzzle and its hanging ears covered with hair fall on both sides of its skull.

History of the Tibetan Terrier breed

The Tibetan Terrier originated in Tibet, however the breed was developed in England in the 1930s after Dr. Agnes Greig made its discovery during a mission to Kanpur. In the past, the animal accompanied the merchants of Tibet as a guard dog. In its role, it inspired fear, not because of its aggressiveness, but because the breed was considered sacred in its country of origin. In addition to that, he had a real aptitude to guard the herds. If its name suggests it, the Tibetan Terrier is not a terrier at all. Officially recognized by the FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) in 1957, the breed is nowadays particularly appreciated by families.

Living conditions and behavior of the Tibetan Terrier

If it was bred for an outdoor life, the Tibetan Terrier adapts perfectly to a life in apartment, as long as it can make its walk once or twice a day. However, it is important to know that although he is almost never aggressive, he is by nature a barker. This could have a consequence on your neighborhood relations. The ideal home for him is a house with a garden surrounded by a loving family. Sociable and affectionate, he loves the company of his masters and especially of children. In order for the cohabitation to be always harmonious, it is necessary to educate the Tibetan Terrier. Indeed, the animal has a strong character. It is thus necessary to know to be firm with him without using violence.

Food and health of the Tibetan Terrier

To preserve its health, it is important that its food is balanced. Industrial food is the best choice since it already contains the nutrients necessary for his growth. But nothing prevents you from concocting a good home-made meal. Whatever you decide to do, make sure you give your dog the right amount of food for his age, size and activity level. Also, be careful with treats because this breed has a certain tendency to gain weight quickly. Apart from this aspect, the female dog is rather solid. Some health problems can still be detected in the Tibetan Terrier, namely hip dysplasia or blindness. This is why it is important to take out health insurance for him.

Urinary incontinence in dogs: how to solve the problem?

It is important to first distinguish between uncleanliness and urinary incontinence. The cause of the incontinence in the dog must then be identified by the veterinarian so that the problem can be solved with the most appropriate solution. It is therefore essential that the owner of an incontinent dog contacts the veterinarian as soon as possible and informs him of the possible symptoms that accompany this involuntary loss of urine.

How to identify incontinence in a dog (or female dog)?

Incontinence is when an adult dog (or female dog) cannot control its urination. It can be seen that the dog loses urine at any time. The urination is totally involuntary and the animal does not put itself in position to urinate just before peeing. In addition, he may lose only a few drops of urine at a time.

Urinary incontinence in dogs is sometimes accompanied by symptoms such as blood in the urine, pain when urinating, difficulty in urinating (voluntarily), neurological disorders.

The different types of incontinence in dogs

Before a solution can be found to the problem of involuntary peeing in dogs, it is necessary to know what type of incontinence the dog suffers from. It can be :

• Incontinence due to a problem of anatomy: in this case the cause can be congenital (urethral ectopia) or acquired (stones, fistulas, tumors).
• A functional incontinence following the castration of the dog or the sterilization of the female dog. Note that this involuntary loss of urine can also be called post-castration sphincter incompetence. Often, it is the decrease in sex hormones that causes a weakening of the tone of the sphincter (muscle) of the urethra. It is somewhat less common in males, but affects about 2 out of 10 female dogs that have had an ovariectomy.
• Neurological incontinence: trauma, nerve damage, tumors, congenital anomalies, herniated discs, etc., can be the cause.
• Pseudo-incontinence: the causes can be Cushing's disease, urinary infections, strong emotion (fear, stress, joy...), urinary calculus, kidney failure, aging, excessive water consumption, diabetes, etc.

It is essential to submit the animal to complementary examinations in order to identify the exact origin of the problem (radio, scanner, ultrasound, urine analysis, blood analysis, etc.).

Don't confuse incontinence with uncleanliness

We can talk about uncleanliness when the dog voluntarily pees inside the house. This is a conscious act. The state of consciousness is easily identifiable since the female dog is in position before urinating. This is an important indication to differentiate between uncleanliness and incontinence. In the latter case, the animal does not have the time to adopt this specific posture as, generally, squatting for the female and lifting the leg for the male. Also, in the case of uncleanliness, the owner finds real puddles of urine in different places in the house or apartment.

Incontinence in dogs: solutions

Depending on its origin, this problem can be treated with medication prescribed on a case-by-case basis or sometimes with surgery. Behavioral therapy is recommended for dogs with emotional urinary incontinence. When it is not related to a pathology, homeopathy can be tried, but only on the advice of the veterinarian.

The owner of an incontinent female dog should not scold or even punish his or her pet. We have made it clear earlier that this is involuntary urination. The animal does not pee everywhere on purpose. Finally, it is important to know that a dog that urinates from time to time on the living room carpet is not incontinent or unclean. It is a simple accident, and there is no need to worry if he forgets to pee on an exceptional basis.

Conjunctivitis in dogs: symptoms, causes, treatment and prevention

Conjunctivitis can have various causes that are important to identify so that the dog can be treated. Some symptoms can put the dog's owner on the track, but it is better to consult the veterinarian because the manifestations of conjunctivitis can sometimes lead to the suspicion of an underlying pathology that is much more serious. Let's take stock of the situation.

Conjunctivitis in dogs: symptoms that vary depending on the origin of the disease

The symptoms that lead to the suspicion of conjunctivitis in dogs vary according to the cause of the disease. Indeed, this pathology, most often without gravity, can be traumatic, allergic or infectious. Sometimes a dry tear can also be the cause as well as a foreign body. Here are the main symptoms of the different types of conjunctivitis that dogs can suffer from.

Traumatic conjunctivitis

A blow, a scratch, an injury due to a branch or a projectile, for example, can be the cause of traumatic conjunctivitis. It is necessary to consult a veterinarian as soon as possible in order to treat the affected eye and to avoid the formation of a corneal ulcer, as this can cause suffering to the animal.

Traumatic conjunctivitis is sometimes caused by abnormalities such as poorly implanted eyelashes or ectropion or eversion of the eyelid margin. The dogs concerned suffer from recurrent conjunctivitis which can be stopped with a small surgical intervention.

Allergic conjunctivitis

Allergy to pollen, dust, dust mites... Some dogs are sensitive to various allergens which impacts their health condition. Veterinarians commonly see dogs suffering from allergic conjunctivitis. This condition is usually bilateral and therefore causes symptoms in both eyes.

Depending on the allergen involved, conjunctivitis can be seasonal (pollens) or last throughout the year (dust, mites). It is enough for the dog to no longer be in contact with the allergen in question for the conjunctivitis to stop. The veterinarian must identify the allergen in question and prescribe the appropriate solution. Of course, the veterinarian must first make sure that it is indeed an allergic conjunctivitis.

Conjunctivitis due to dry eyes

When the dog has dry eyes, dust accumulates on the surface of the eyes because it cannot be eliminated naturally through tears. This dryness of the eyes causes superficial irritation.

However, it is important to know that dry eyes are sometimes due to a serious illness such as diabetes. Therefore, this eye problem should not be trivialized. A visit to the veterinarian should be considered as soon as possible.

Infectious conjunctivitis

Infectious conjunctivitis in dogs can be caused by a fungus (mycotic origin), a bacterium (bacterial origin) or a virus (viral origin). Whatever the cause, the symptomatology is always the same: the eyelids are more or less red and pus flows from time to time. It is important to be very vigilant when this type of manifestation is observed in the dog, and not to conclude too hastily that it is due to conjunctivitis. These symptoms may also indicate a generalized infection, cancer or distemper.

Various examinations are essential to allow the veterinarian to make a precise diagnosis so that he can set up a protocol of care adapted to each case.

Conjunctivitis due to a foreign body

While playing or roaming in the wild, the dog is frequently exposed to the risk of receiving a foreign body in the eye, such as a twig, grains of sand or even an insect. This causes irritation. The white of the eye is more or less pink, there is abnormal tearing and the animal tends to blink frequently or tries to run its paw over this sensitive area because it is uncomfortable.

When a foreign body is the cause of conjunctivitis, the veterinarian must be consulted quickly to remove the intruder, clean the affected eye and, if necessary, administer a local treatment to restore the condition.

Conjunctivitis in dogs: treatment and prevention

Since conjunctivitis in dogs has many different causes, it is understandable that the treatment also varies from one animal to another. The first step is to identify the cause of the conjunctivitis so that the dog can benefit from a treatment that is perfectly adapted to his case. This means that the dog should be seen by a veterinarian, preferably as soon as possible.

Prevention of this condition is only possible in certain cases. An up-to-date vaccination and a balanced diet of high quality for an optimal immune system are among the precautions to take. You can also reduce the risk of conjunctivitis due to dust and dust mites by cleaning your dog's bed, carpet, blanket, toys and kennel regularly. This is essential to eliminate most of the allergens.

Finally, we also advise you to clean your dog's eyes often with an adapted solution that can be bought in a pharmacy after having asked your veterinarian for advice. In fact, you should never use just any product to treat or clean your pet's eye area.

The Friesian Water Dog, a dog with beautiful curls

With its beautiful curls, white coat and black head, the Friesian Water Dog will certainly not go unnoticed. This breed has proven itself to be a talented hunter, although today it has traded this title for that of a dynamic companion dog and good guardian.

Characteristics of the Friesian Water Dog

The Friesian Water Dog can hardly be mistaken for any other. The Friesian Water Dog has an extraordinary physique and it is an understatement to say so. Let's first talk about its general constitution. Of average size, the dog makes 59 cm approximately with the withers whereas a bitch makes 55 cm with the withers. The animal has a solid constitution devoid of heaviness. Its body is inscribable in a square. It has a strong, dry head that is relatively harmonious in size compared to the rest of the body. The cranial region is slightly rounded and presents, among other things, a slightly accentuated stop. The Friesian Water Dog has oval eyes, of intermediate size, which are set at an angle. The eyes show a slight ferocity, which can frighten enemies. The medium sized ears are set low and are trowel shaped. The Friesian Water Dog is most notable for its thick, curly coat over the entire body with a greasy texture. The coat can be black or brown or even bi-colored, in which case it will be white and brown or white and black. Generally, the whole head is uniformly black or brown.

History of the Friesian Water Dog breed

The Friesian Water Dog originated in the Netherlands, in a northern region called Friesland. The dog got its name from this place. It is a very old breed that dates back several centuries although it is still difficult to determine its precise origins. It is probably a cross between a Friesian dog and a gypsy dog. It would have been appreciated for hunting otters and European skunks (Mustela putorius). The breed almost became extinct during the Second World War like most dogs. Today, it is considered rare. The official recognition dates back to 1942.

Living conditions and behavior of the Friesian Water Dog

The Friesian Water Dog has a stubborn, courageous and hardworking character. It performs all the tasks that are imposed on it with excellence. On the other hand, it is necessary to pay attention to its strong temperament and its stubborn side. He needs masters who know about education, otherwise the relationship may quickly turn into a nightmare. The education will obviously be done with firmness and softness, without aggressiveness. The animal can also take on the role of guard dog because of its natural distrust of strangers.

Diet and main health problems of the Friesian Water Dog

The diet of the Friesian Water Dog will depend on its tasks. If it is involved in hunting activities, it will need a higher energy intake than a sedentary dog. Provide the maximum of vitamins, proteins, calcium and other essential nutrients. As far as health is concerned, there is no specific pathology. It is a resistant animal.

The Artois Hound, an intelligent dog with a strong character

A vigorous, intelligent animal with a strong character, the Chien d'Artois can play the role of hunting dog as well as companion dog. In this second role, he shows kindness, sociability and loyalty.

Characteristics of the Artois Hound

The Artois is a medium-sized dog with a muscular and robust physique that exudes energy and strength. This "lighter" meaning small dog has a broad, strong skull with a domed shape. It is finished by a marked stop, a strong and black nose and a little elongated muzzle. The neck is powerful and not very long. The personality of this dog is already revealed through its eyes which give an impression of softness on a melancholic background. Their dark brown color contrasts with the color of the coat. Its eyes are round, not very close together and very open. Concerning the ears, they represent a distinctive feature of this dog, because they are big, strong and wide while being attached at the level of the eyes. The Chien d'Artois has a short and thick coat to the touch. It has a tricolor coat combining white, black and fawn.

History of the breed Chien d'Artois

The Chien d'Artois is a French breed that has been known since the dawn of time. Its traces would go up with the Hundred Years War, towards the XIVth century. It would come from the north of the country, from the old county of Artois. It is said that its ancestor is the Chien de Saint-Hubert and in the 16th century, it was still known as the Chien Picard. To differentiate it from the great dog of Artois, it will be initially called Briquet d'Artois before carrying the name of Dog of Artois. The latter was a sensation, especially in the royal courts of Henry IV and Louis XII. Unfortunately, the breed almost did not survive the Second World War without the efforts of some passionate breeders.

Necessary living conditions and behavior of the Artois Hound

The Artois Hound is an enduring, courageous and bold animal. It develops a very good sense of smell, hence its success with hunters. Beyond its role as a hunting dog, it is also a wonderful pet at home. It is affectionate, calm and docile. In addition, this dog is kind and loyal to its owners. It is not too afraid of strangers, but this does not prevent it from knowing how to sound the alarm if necessary. To be happy, the Artois should live in the country in a house with a large garden. City life is not for him.

Diet and main health problems of the Artois Hound

The Artois is a robust dog and has no specific diseases. It is not afraid of humidity or cold. On the other hand, it will be necessary to provide him with the best food, especially during the growth period, in order to give him the maximum of calcium and vitamins. Its energy intake should also be compatible with its physical exercise to avoid weight gain.

Can you give your dog vegetables? Which ones and how much?

In order for your dog to have a balanced diet, which is essential for maintaining good health, he must eat a certain proportion of vegetables. But of course, you should only give him those that are suitable for his body. Let's see what vegetables your dog can eat and what portion he should eat.

What vegetables are allowed for your dog?

A dog's diet can contain a good proportion of vegetables. It is easy to remember the most indicated ones, since there are only 7 of them. Here is the list of vegetables that it is recommended to give to your dog.

• Carrot,
• Cucumber,
• Zucchini,
• Green bean,
• Lamb's lettuce,
• Sweet potato,
• Pumpkin.

Each one brings its benefits to the animal. It is therefore wise not to always give him the same vegetables, but on the contrary to vary the vegetables or why not to offer him a small mix from the vegetable garden in order to enhance his portion of meat product and to bring to his body all the benefits of food of vegetable origin.

Vegetables that you can give your dog, with your eyes closed

It is generally known that the products of the orchard and vegetable garden are good for humans, but many owners are still very surprised to learn that some are just as beneficial for their dog. Each of the vegetables listed above has serious nutritional benefits, which is why it is important to vary the menus you prepare at home for your dog.

Here are the 7 vegetables that are good for your dog.

Carrots, for their beta-carotene

• Improves the beauty of the coat, which becomes silky and shiny,
• Helps prevent excess cholesterol if the dog is active every day and has a balanced diet,
• Improves night vision,
• Could limit the risks of visual impairment.

Carrots should be given mixed and well-cooked so that the dog can digest them, at a rate of 3 to 10 g/kg per day, for example between 30 and 100 grams for a dog weighing 10 kg.

Cucumber, for its richness in water

The cucumber is part of the Cucurbitaceae that can be given to your dog.

• Rich in water,
• Well provided in potassium, in vitamin K and in vitamin C,
• Hypocaloric.

It is rehydrating, refreshing in summer, perfect when returning from a long walk in the nature under a blazing sun, while waiting for the meal, because the cucumber is also satiating. It is therefore preferable to a cake. It is perfect for all dogs, even those who tend to gain weight. It can be given raw, unpeeled, whole, sliced, cubed or mixed, up to 20 g/kg per day, i.e. between 20 and 100 g for a dog weighing 5 kg; between 80 and 400 g for a dog weighing 20 kg.

Zucchini, ideal for dogs to keep their figure

Zucchini is perfect for obese dogs and those who simply tend to be overweight, and of course for all other dogs. This cucurbit is well supplied with :

• In water,
• In potassium,
• In vitamin C.

Satiating and rehydrating, zucchini should be steamed to preserve all its nutrients. Up to 20 g/kg per day, for example up to 80 g for a dog of 4 kg; 800 g for a dog of 40 kg.

Pumpkin, for its benefits on intestinal transit

Pumpkin is also a member of the Cucurbitaceae family and its slightly sweet taste makes it a favourite vegetable for dogs. The pumpkin is very well provided in :

• Water,
• Fibers,
• Provitamin A,
• Minerals and trace elements (iron, potassium, zinc),
• Beta-carotene.

It regulates intestinal transit, which is perfect for dogs prone to constipation. It also helps to maintain a shiny and silky coat. It is given cooked, cubed, pureed or in a soup. From 2.5 to 20 g/kg per day, i.e. up to 100 g for a 5 kg dog; between 50 and 400 g for a 20 kg dog.

Green beans, to satisfy a dog with a big appetite

This vegetable is excellent for all dogs and is highly recommended for those with a tendency to overeat, as they are satiating. They are also interesting for their content in :

• Water,
• Omega 3,
• Iron,
• Potassium,
• Fibers of vegetable origin,
• Vitamins B, E, C,
• Provitamins A.

In order to be easily digested by the dog, green beans should be given well cooked, either in water or steamed, which is even better to preserve the most nutrients. Up to 10 g/kg per day, i.e. from 50 to 200 g for a 20 kg dog; from 125 to 500 g for a 50 kg dog.

Lamb's lettuce, for its Omega-3 but not only

Lamb's lettuce is a very interesting food that it would be a shame to deprive your dog of. It is well supplied with 

• Water,
• Fiber,
• Vitamins B9 and C,
• Beta-carotene,
• Omega 3.

Low in calories, easy to digest, lamb's lettuce is suitable for all dogs. It is mixed if given raw, but it can also be cooked. Between 2.5 and 5 g/kg per day, i.e. up to 15 g for a 3 kg dog; 50 to 100 g for a 20 kg dog.

The sweet potato, for its contribution in numerous nutrients

Native to tropical regions, it has a very sweet and pleasant taste that dogs generally like. From a nutritional point of view, it is a health ally because it has a GI lower than 50 when cooked (Index or Glycemic Index). This tuber is rich in :

• Amino acids,
• Vitamins,
• Minerals,
• Antioxidants.

Beneficial to the dog's health, the sweet potato is given cooked, in pieces or mashed, in pâté or in soup. Between 2.5 and 5 g/kg per day, i.e. up to 25 g for a 5 kg dog, 75 g for a 15 kg dog, 500 g maximum for a 50 kg dog.

All these good vegetables have many advantages to keep your dog in good shape and provide him with a good part of the nutrients he needs every day. Of course, you should supplement the rations with pasta or rice and meat. That's all it takes to keep your dog happy.

In any case, it is better to take some time to prepare your dog's meals yourself than to buy industrial dog food. Some of these commercial products are of good quality, but nothing beats unprocessed industrial food. Don't hesitate to ask your veterinarian about your dog's specific needs. This is also the best way to learn from professionals which foods should not be given to your pet.